CA Revision

• Which of the following types of memory is volatile?

  RAM
• What is the main function of cache memory?

  Faster access to frequently used data
• Which of the following statements about ROM is TRUE?

  It is used to store programs that need to be loaded during startup.
• What is the unit used to measure memory capacity?

  Byte (B)
• Which type of memory offers faster access time?

  RAM or Hard Disk Drive?

  RAM
• What is the difference between SDRAM and DDRAM?

  DDRAM offers double the data transfer rate compared to SDRAM
• How does a virtual memory system work?

  It creates additional physical memory using software.

  It expands RAM capacity by utilizing a portion of the hard drive.

  It allows running multiple programs simultaneously.

  Answer: All of them
• What is the benefit of using SSD over traditional HDD?

  Faster read and write times due to no moving parts
• How can users improve the performance of their computer's memory?

  Defragmenting the hard drive (applicable to HDDs only).

  Closing unnecessary programs to free up RAM.

  Answer: Both of them
• Which memory type is typically used in USB flash drives?

  NAND Flash Memory
• What does CPU stand for?

  Central Processing Unit
• The CPU is primarily responsible for:

  Executing instructions
• Which of the following is NOT a major component of a CPU?

  Graphics Processing Unit

  
  

  Major components:

  Control Unit

  Arithmetic Logic Unit

  Memory Unit
• The ALU performs:

  Mathematical and logical operations
• The CU is responsible for:

  Decoding instructions and controlling execution
• The speed of a CPU is measured in:

  Megahertz (MHz) or Gigahertz (GHz)
• A higher clock speed in a CPU generally indicates:

  Faster processing capability
• Caches are small, high-speed memories within the CPU that store:

  Frequently accessed data and instructions
• Multicore CPUs contain multiple processing cores, allowing for:

  Improved multitasking and parallel processing
• Modern CPUs implement various techniques to improve performance, such as:

  Pipelining - fetching, decoding, and executing instructions simultaneously
• Which of the following number systems is the foundation of digital computer

  representation?

  Binary
• To represent the decimal number 195 in binary, you would need:

  8 bits
• What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the binary number 10110101?

  B5
• What is the result of adding the binary numbers 110101 and 101110?

  1100011
• What is the two's complement representation of the decimal number -13?

  10011
• What is the main advantage of using two's complement representation for

  negative numbers?

  Simpler arithmetic operations
• Which number system is often used to represent memory addresses?

  Hexadecimal
• 8-bit SIGNED integer is stored in two's complement format. What is the largest POSITIVE number that can be represented?

  127
• Which of the following is a valid octal digit?

  0-7
• Suppose an 8-bit unsigned integer is used. What is the largest number that

  can be represented?

  255
• What is the result of adding 1 (binary) and 1 (binary)?

  10 (binary)
• When subtracting 1 (binary) from 0 (binary) in two's complement

  representation, what is the result?

  1 (binary)
• How many bits are needed to represent the decimal number 10 in signed

  two's complement form?

  4 bits
• Which of the following statements is true about binary multiplication?

  similar to decimal multiplication, shifting and adding each bit product.
• What is the over{ow condition in binary addition?

  When the sum goes beyond the maximum representable value for the bit length.

  When there's a carry out of the leftmost bit position.
• How does a computer handle over{ow during addition?

  It sets a flag to indicate the error and may wrap the result.
• Which of the following logic gates is essential for performing binary addition?

  FULL ADDER gate
• Compared to addition, why is binary division considered a more complex

  operation?

  It requires more logic gates.

  It involves repeated shifting and subtraction operations.
• Simplify the Boolean expression: A + A.B

  A
• the complement of x is denoted as x'

  True