M3 BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER SAFETY

• Computer system - a collection of entities (hardware, software, and liveware) that are designed to receive, process, manage and present information in a meaningful format
• COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SECURITY

  • Liveware
  • Computer software
  • Computer hardware
• Liveware - is the computer user. Also known as orgware or humanware. The user commands the computer systems to execute on instruction
• Computer software - also known as programs or applications. They are classified into two classes namely - system software and application software
• Computer hardware - are physical parts/intangible parts of a computer eg input device, output device, central processing unit, and storage device
• Hardware - refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices, which provide support for major functions such as input, processing, output, secondary storage, and communication
• COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPONENTS

  • Input
  • Output
  • Processing
  • Storage
  • Communication devices
• Input device - device used for entering data or instructions to the central processing unit
• Keying device - device used to enter data into the computer using a set of keys ex keyboard key to storage and keypad
• Keyboard (like a typewriter) - is the main input device of a computer. It contains three types of keys alphanumeric keys, special keys and function keys
• Mouse - is an external pointing device that allows users to move objects on the screen by moving it across a flat surface.
• Pointing device - are devices that enter data and instructions into the computer using a pointer that appears on the screen. Mice, joystick, touch sensitive screen, trackballs
• Central processing unit - is the brain or the heart of a computer. Is the core of a computer system. It is a rectangular box placed on or underneath your desk
• Ram - temporarily stores information that the cpu uses while the computer is on.
• Arithmetic logic unit - data entered the computer is sent to ram, from where it is then send to alu 
• Control unit - this part of cpu extract instructions, performs execution, maintains and directs operations of the entire system
• FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL UNIT

  • It controls all activities of computer
  • Supervises flow of data within cpu
  • Directs flow of data within cpu
  • Transfers data to arithmetic and logic unit
  • Transfer results to memory
  • Fetches results from memory to output devices
• Memory unit - a unit in which data and instructions given to computers as well as results given by computers are stored. Unit of memory is " byte"
• Internet - sometimes called simply "net". Is a medium that connects different computers all together and make sure that the connection is eternal.
• COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET

  • Hardware
  • Protocols
• Hardware - includes cables that carry information from your computer to another
• Static - ones formulate the backbone of the internet
• Clients - the computer, smartphones, in other internet connected devices
• Servers - known as the machines which give the information that we get through the internet are stored in machines
• Nodes - are the connecting points along a traffic route.
• Transmission lines - can also be wireless signals from satellites, cellphone or 4g towers and radios
• Protocols - set of rules followed by a machine to complete any task