Weather Hazards

Created by

Reyah Riz

Cards (29)

weather
State of atmosphere, including temp, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation and cloud cover
Climate
Long - term patterns of weather in a particular area
Global atmospheric circulation
Wind moves from areas of high pressures to are of low pressure
Global atmospheric circulation cells
warm air rising = low pressure belts (clouds + rain)
cold air rising = high pressure belt (lots of air pressing down on earth)
How does global circulation affect the world’s weather
This happens because of the trade winds in the tropics
cloudy and wet in the UK
UK is close to the boundary of cold, polar air moving down from the north and warm, tropical air, moving up from the south
Here there is rising air and low pressure belts
The rising air, cools, condenses and forms clouds and rain
hot and dry in the desert
Most of hot deserts are found 30° north and south of the equator

Here the air is sinking, making about of high-pressure

Air Isn't rising here, so few clouds form and little rainfall
hot and sweaty at the equator
The air is rising and there is low pressure
the Sun is directly overhead equatorial regions such as Africa
creates hot humid conditions cloudy with high rainfall
tropical storms
Intense, low pressure, weather systems with heavy rain and strong winds that spiral at a centre
e.g. hurricanes, typhoons cyclones
Global distribution of tropical storms
Occur at 5° and 30° north and south of the equator, not any further, as water won't be as warm
causes of tropical storms
High sea temperature off at least 27°

Covering winds near the ocean, forcing air to rise

Low pressure winds
How do tropical storms form?

Warm ocean winds of, 27° provide energy
Air rises, and condenses, which releases large amounts of energy
Rising air creates low pressure
Wind flows outwards
Humid, air rising, makes clouds of the storm
Light winds outside the storm, steer it and let it grow
Over warm water the wind speeds increase and over cold water it decreases
structure of a tropical storm
Eye - low pressure, light winds, no clouds or rain and high temperature
Eye wall - very strong winds, heavy rain thunder and lightning
A) eye
B) eye wall
C) warm air rising
D) cold air decending
what effect will climate change have on tropical storms?
As Global temperature increases, there will be more tropical storms
Ocean temperatures will stay at 27° for more of the year, which means the number of tropical storms increase, which means that they will be stronger and cause more damage
typhoon Haiyan
8th November 2013
In the Philippines
Primary effects of typhoon Haiyan 
6300 people killed and drowned by storm surge
600,000 people displaced, and 40,000 homes, destroyed
90% of Tacloban destroyed
Airport badly damaged
30,000 fishing boats destroyed
Over 400 mm of rain, causing flooding
secondary effects of typhoon Haiyan
14 million people affected left homeless
Flooding caused landslides and blocked roads
Power supply is cut off for a month
Ferry services, an airline is disrupted
Shortages of water, food shelter, which led to a disease
Jobs, lost hospitals damaged
Looting and violence broke out
Immediate responses of Typhoon Haiyan 
International government and aid responded with food, aid and water
Over 1200 evacuation centres
Philippines, Red Cross delivered food aid
French Belgian field hospital set up to help injured
UK government sent shelter kits
long-term responses of Typhoon Haiyan 
The UN donated, financial aid
Rebuilding of roads and bridges
"Cash for work", people pay to clear up
Foreign donors supported new livelihood opportunities
More cyclone shelters built
Thousands of homes, rebuilt away from flooding
How can tropical storms' effects be reduced? 
Prediction = Hurricane watch and hurricane warning give people time to evacuate and protect homes
Protection = buildings are tropical storm proof e.g. reinforced concrete and houses on stilts, flood defences can be built along rivers, e.g. sea walls
Planning = future developments e.g. new houses emergency services can train and prepare for disaster, government can plan evacuation routes
examples of weather hazards in the UK
Rain wind, hailstorm, heat waves, snow and ice
Extreme weather 
Whether that is unusual or unexpected, it is significantly different from the average weather pattern
Somerset floods 
In 2014
In Low-lying coastal plains, South west of Uk
Mainly made up of rivers, agricultural land and settlements
environmental impacts of somerset floods
Flood water contaminated with oil and sewage
Lots of debris had to be cleared
Flooding destroyed ecosystems
Stagnant water that had been collected for months, had to be re-oxygenated
economic impacts of somerset floods
Council estimated £10 million damage
Over 14000 hectors of agricultural land underwater
Over 1000 livestock evacuated
Local roads cut off by floods and railway lines closed
social impacts of somerset floods
Over 600 houses flooded
16 farms we evacuated and left with no power
Residents evacuated to temporary accommodation
Villages, cut off and no schools
short-term responses of somerset floods
Warnings = flood warnings were released and local authorities evacuated the area
Temporary flood defences = barriers and sandbags were placed, valuables were kept upstairs, limiting property damage
long -term responses of somerset floods
£20 million flood action plan in place
Dredging = 8 km of river tone
Drain enhancements for better drainage
Bridgewater tidal barrier, stop high tide
Road levels increased
Riverbanks, raised and strengthened
causes of Somerset floods
Rain = wettest January Atlantic Ocean hit south-west. Bring in weeks of wet weather 550 mm of rain.
High tide = seawater levels increased and storm surges swept up water from Bristol channel
Dredging = rivers were clogged with sediment as they have not been dredged in over 20 years