Equestrian

• Horses have four distinct gaits (speeds) of moving...


  Walk, trot, canter, and gallop
• Name that gait: has one leg off the ground at a time and is the slowest gait

  walk
• Name that gait: has two legs off the ground at a time. tends to be very bumpy.

  trot
• Name that gait: has three legs off the ground at a time and resembles a rocking motion.

  canter
• Name that gait: has four legs off the ground at a time and is the fastest gait.

  gallop
• A horse should always be ____ as a warm-up before asked to do more strenuous movement.

  walked
• The sitting position is also called the ____-____ position.

  three-point
• Why is it called the three point?

  because you have three points touching the seat, your two legs and your seat.
• What gait can three point be done at?


  Walk, trot, and canter
• The two0-point position is the ____ position.

  jumping
• it is called two-point position because


  the only two points touching the saddle are your legs.
• How do you accomplish the two-point position?


  Rise up out of the saddle and bend at the hips to keep your center of gravity still over the saddle. You only need to rise up about an inch. Hold this position.
• The two-point position is used when _____

  jumping
• The two-point also has other benefits, including building _____ in your ____, stretching the backs of your _____, and creating a better sense of _____.

  strength, leg

  heels

  balance
• A posting tror is...


  rising up and down with the one-two beat of the trot
• When posting, a rider should make sure they are on the "correct diagonal." Which means...


  rising wen the outside shoulder of the horse moves forward.
• To cue a horse to canter, the outside leg taps the horse 3-4 inches behind the girth.

  read
• What does 'being on the correct lead' mean?


  that the horse is reaching forward more within the inside leg than the outside outler leg at the center. This creates a smoother ride and is more natural for the horse. For example, a left lead means the horse is stretching forward more with the left leg. Generally the horse is also traveling in a left circle as well.
• What does independent seat mean?


  That your hands, seat and legs all have the ability to move independent of each other. For example, your hands stay still as our body moves up and down with the rhythm of the trot. This is a very important skill to achieve.
• When changing directions, a half-turn is performed to the ____ of the arena.

  inside
• When passing someone, it's generally good to pass on the _____ and announce to the rider that you are on the '____' of them.

  outside, outside
• When untacking, the girths is un-done on the ____ side only, and the ____ latch of the bridle is the only part of the bridle that is unbuckled. Care should be taken to remove both reins and the headstall off the ears and allow the horse to let go of the bit.

  left, throat
• _____ are poles on the ground that are trotted over. This is an exercise to learn the rhythm needed for ____.

  Cavellettes, jumping
• _____: it is a bending and steering exercise where the rider forms an 'S' pattern on the ground.

  Serpentine
• A horse prefers ____, so he should be fed the same itme of day, every day.

  routine
• Horses were made to move ____, so the more turn-out (free roam) time, the better.

  constantly
• A balanced diet consists of a mixture of ___ ___ and ___-usually in grain form, ___ and ___. Supplements can also be added. These range from vitamins, to joint medication.


  sweet feed, oats, grass, hay
• Every horse has a certain amount of ____ in their system

  worms
• In order to keep the worm burden under control ____ is vital.

  worming
• A paste wormer is given every ___months

  two
• The type of paste wormer should be ____, so that the worms don't develope a resistance to any specific ingredient.

  cycled
• ______ is a daily dewormer that can be fed with grain.

  Strongid
• If on a strongid, the horse will need to be wormed every __ months with paste wormer with a different ingredient than Strongid.

  6
• Hooves grow like ______ and need to be trimmed every _-_ weeks in order to ensure proper hoof health

  fingernails, 5-6
• A healthy horse should have a clear ___, clean ___-or with clear ___, smooth ___, and ribs that can be ____, but not ___.

  eye, nose, mucus, coat, felt, seen
• baby horse is called a

  foal
• a female horse under the age of three is called a

  filly
• a male horse under the age of three is called a

  colt
• a female horse over the age of three is called a

  mare
• a male horse that has been castrated is called a

  gelding