voice fillers; pauses; mispronunciations and ungrammatical. utterances; same-turn abandonments; interruptions; overlaps; and failures to hold the floor
mode?
how the text is presented, in the written or spoken mode?
paralinguistic features?
body language, facial expressions, laughter, sighs, whisperings.
stress?
the emphasis placed on certain words, through volume, significant pauses, inflexion.
topic shifter ?
an utterance that moves a conversation on to another topic
