culture and media

• culture

  • unified style of human knowledge, beliefs, and behavior from which people learn
  • ability to communicate knowledge to the next generations
• culture - care

  cultus - civilization
• "culture is a complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society" - edward burnett tylor
• the culture wheel:

  • greater community
  • knowledge and stories
  • language
  • traditions and rituals
  • techniques and skills
  • tools and objects
  • the arts
  • food and drink
  • values
• types:

  • material (tangible)
  • non-material (intangible)
• material culture - consists of the tools, art, buildings, written records, and any other objects produces or used by humans
• non-material culture - nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions
• media

  • "middle"
  • often used to describe its location between the media industry or institution creating the content (sender) on one hand and the audience or channels (receivers) on the other
  • vehicles of channels which are used to convey information, entertainment, news, education, or promotional messages are disseminated
• functions:

  • provides entertainment for the people
  • educates and informs the public
  • serves as a public forum to discuss important issues
  • acts and watchdog for government, business, and institutions
• stages of media development:

  1. oral communication
  2. script
  3. printing press
  4. electronic media
  5. digital media
• oral communication - form of human communication wherein knowledge, art, ideas and cultural material is received, preserved, and transmitted orally from one generation to another
• script - allowed humans to communicate over a larger space and for a much longer time
• printing press

  • allowed continuous production, reproduction, and circulation of print materials
  • johannes gutenberg
• electronic media

  • characterized by its usage of electricity
  • telegraph, television
• digital media

  • utilizes digital goods
  • it can be created, modified, and stored in any digital electronic device
  • digitalized content is transmitted over the internet and computer networks
• effect of globalization on culture:

  • cultural differentialism
  • cultural convergence
  • cultural hybridization
• cultural differentialism

  • includes barriers that prevent flows which makes cultures the same
  • culture tend to be stubbornly different from one another
• cultural convergence

  • suggests that globalization engenders a growing sameness of culture
  • suggests that tow cultures will be more and more like each other as their interaction increases
• cultural hybridization

  • suggests that globalization spawns an increasing and ongoing mixing of cultures
• glocalization = local + global
• local culture

  • cultural configuration which characterize the experience of everyday life in specific, diverse, and identifiable localities
• global culture

  • way of life that is governed by a set of ideas, beliefs, and values that are based on the exposure and consumption of cultural products uniformly produces for everyone irrespective of their background