B3: Organisation and the Digestive System

• Cell


  Basic unit of life

  
• Tissue


  A group of cells that work together to perform a similar function

  
• Organ


  A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

  
• Organ system


  A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

  
• Organism


  A living thing

  
• The function of the digestive system is to:


  Break down food and allow broken down substances to diffuse into the bloodstream and throughout the body

  
• Enzyme


  A type of protein that catalyses a chemical reaction

  
• Amylase


  -Breaks down starch into maltose and other sugars

  -Produced in the salivary glands, small intestine, pancreas

  
• Protease


  -Breaks down protein into amino acids

  -Produced in the stomach, small intestine, pancreas

  
• Lipase


  -Breaks down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

  -Produced in the small intestine, pancreas

  
• Factors that affect enzyme activity:


  •Temperature

  •pH

  •Substrate concentration

  •Enzyme concentration