Extra Shit to Know

• A protein is a molecule that is made up of amino acids.
• Energy is measured by converting foods to heat energy, normally using bomb calorimetry.
• Ruminants can derive both essential and non-essential amino acids from microbial proteins.
• Both vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients for maintenance, growth, reproduction and lactation, and are required in relatively small amounts.
• Minerals are inorganic.
• Vitamins are organic.
• Vitamins and minerals are essentiality recognised by deficiency signs which are not always very specific. Many feeds provide decent levels of vitamins and minerals.