Classification of matter(physics)

• Matter


  All the objects and substances that we see in the world
• Mixture


  • Combination of two or more substances, where these substances are not bonded (or joined) to each other and no chemical reaction occurs between the substances
  • Substances that make them up are not in a fixed ratio
  • Substances keep their physical properties
  • Substances can be separated from each other using mechanical means
• Mixtures


  • Air (a mixture of different gases)
  • Cereal in milk
• Heterogeneous mixture


  • Consists of two or more substances, non-uniform, different components can be seen
• Heterogeneous mixture


  • Mixture of sand and water
• Homogeneous mixture


  • Uniform, different components cannot be seen
• Homogeneous mixture


  • Salt in water
• Pure substance


  • Can be further divided into elements and compounds
• Element


  Substance that cannot be broken down into other substances through chemical means
• Compound


  Substance made up of two or more different elements that are joined together in a fixed ratio
• Metals


  • Good electrical and thermal conductors
  • Shiny lustre
  • Malleable and ductile
  • High melting point
  • High density
• Metals


  • Iron
  • Gold
  • Copper
• Metalloids


  • Silicon
  • Germanium
• Non-metals


  • Sulfur
  • Phosphorus
  • Nitrogen
• Electrical conductors


  • Allow an electrical current to pass through
• Electrical conductors


  • Most metals
• Electrical insulators


  • Non-conducting materials that do not carry any charge
• Electrical insulators


  • Plastic
  • Wood
  • Cotton material
  • Ceramic
• Thermal conductors


  • Able to conduct heat
• Thermal insulators


  • Not able to conduct heat
• Magnetic materials


  • Exert a magnetic force on other objects without physically touching