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Cards (234)
Development
level
Where the person is
at
Development
milestone
Tasks that a child should achieve at a certain
age
Delayed
Not meeting
milestones
Regression
Once met
milestones
but
no longer
have that
milestone
Arrest
Developmental
progress
stops
Risk
factors
Prenatal
risks
Birth
risk
Family
risk
Situational
risk
Social determinants
Prenatal
risks
1st trimester of
pregnancy
=
greatest
risk for injury
Birth
risk
Preterm,
low
birth weight, birth
trauma
, infection
Family
risk
Low parental education
,
large family
Situational
risk
Bullying
,
sexual abuse
, acute life stress/school problems
Social determinants
Poverty,
rural
living,
limited
access to healthcare
Assessment
tools
Denver
II (infants/toddlers)
Early language milestone
scale (infants/toddlers)
HEADSS
(adolescents)
Functional
assessment (adults/older adults)
Neural
tube defects
Congenital anomaly resulting from failure of the
neural
tube to close during
fetal
development
Types
of neural tube defects
Spinal bifida
(occulta/manifesta)
Myelomeningocele
Meningocele
Encephalocele
Anencephaly
Risk
factors for neural tube defects
Folic acid deficiency
Maternal diabetes
Diagnostics
for neural tube defects
Prenatally
with ultrasound
MSAFP
(elevated NTD, decreased DS)
Management
of neural tube defects
Avoid
latex
Keep sac
moist
and
prone
position
Prepare
for surgery (72 hrs.)
Cleft
lip & palate
Opening in the
lip
or
palate
at birth
Risk factors for cleft lip & palate
Genetic
factors
Environmental
factors (teratogens)
Interventions
for cleft lip &
palate
Trouble with
feeding
(lactation consultant)
Risk for
aspiration
(specialized feeding devices)
Surgical
repair
ADHD
Difficulty
focusing
, hyperactivity, hyperkinesis,
impulsivity
Risk factors for ADHD
Family history
Diagnostics
for ADHD
Interview to discuss
history
and
behaviors
(Vanderbilt patent & teacher scale)
Abnormal behaviors in
2
different settings for
6
months
Interventions
for ADHD
Minimize
environmental distraction
Behavioral therapy (
reward
system)
Remain free from
injury
Autism
Impaired
communication
& social interaction patterns, repetitive, restrictive, stereotyped behaviors
Risk
factors for
autism
Genetic abnormalities
(downs syndrome)
Family history
Teratogens
Boys
Great age disparities
in parents
Clinical
manifestations of
autism
Obsessive
behaviors
Emotional
lability
Communication
difficulties
"you" instead of "I"
Wide variety of
intellectual
ability,
functioning
Management
of
autism
Stimulants,
SSRI's
,
mood stabilizers
(to manage symptoms)
Stop
harmful
behaviors
Provide
supportive
care
Interventions
for autism
Prevent
injury
Provide
supportive care
IEP's
Enhance communication (
short
, direct sentences, visual
aids
)
Cerebral
palsy
Insult to
brain development
that causes a group of chronic conditions affecting body movement, coordination,
posture
(nonprogressive)
Prevention
of cerebral palsy
Prevent
preterm birth
Prevent
maternal infection
Manifestations
of cerebral palsy
Delay in
milestones
Primitive
reflexes
(reflexes do not go away at the appropriate time)
Not always
intellectually disabled
Diagnostics for cerebral palsy
Clinical findings
Management
of cerebral palsy
Surgery
(to improve mobility)
Baclofen
Interventions for cerebral palsy
Prevent injury
(assistive devices, adequate lighting, eliminate obstacles)
High calorie diet
,
supplements
Labor
- Stage
1
True
labor
- full cervical dilation & effacement (10 cm,
100
% effaced)
Labor
- Stage 1 phases
Latent
: 0 -
3
cm
Active:
4
-
7
cm
Transition
: 8 -
10
cm (most intense, encouragement is needed)
Labor
- Stage 1 assessments
Cultural
factors
Leopold
maneuver (palpation of abdomen to determine fetal lie/presentation)
FHR
and
pattern
Contractions
(frequency, intensity, duration)
Lab tests
(urine, blood, amniotic membranes & fluid, GBS)
Labor
- Stage 1 interventions
Voiding every
2
hours
Ambulation
and
positioning
Sacral counter pressure
(for lower back pain)
Labor - Stage 2
10
cm -
birth
of baby
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