STS

• • It began in the early 19th century when ice age and other natural changes in paleoclimate were first suspected and the natural greenhouse effect first is identified
  • in the late 19th century, scientists first argued that human emissions of greenhouse gases could change the climate
• • many other theories of climate were advanced, involving forces from volcanism to solar variation
  • in the 1960's the warming effect of carbon dioxide gas became increasingly convincing. some scientists also pointed out that human activities that generated atmospheric aerosols could have cooling effects as well
• • during the 1970's, scientific opinion increasingly favored the warming viewpoint
  • by the 1990's as a result of improving fidelity of computer models and observational work confirming the Milankovitch theory of ice ages, a consensus position formed: greenhouse gases were deeply involved in most climate changes and human-caused emisions were bringing discernible global warming
• the existence of the greenhouse effect was argued for by Joseph Fourier in 1824
• the argument and the evidence were further strenthened by Claude Pouillet in 1827 and 1838 and reasoned from experimental observation by Eunice Newton Foote in 1856. John Tyndal expanded her work in 1859. Svante Arrhenius in 1896 made the first quantitative prediction of global warming
• Greenhouse was first used by Nils Gustaf Ekholm in 1901
• global warming is the phenomenon of climate change
• Causes of global warming

  • Fossil fuels
  • Deforestation
  • Intensive farming
  • Waste Disposal
  • Mining
  • Overconsumption
• • Carbon footprint measures the emission of gases that contribute to global warming
  • water footprint measures the consumption and contamination of freshwater resources
  • ecological footprint measures theuse of bio-productive space
  • Nitrogen footprint measures the amount of nitrogen released into the environment in relation to consumption
• Climate change prevention

  • Renewable energies
  • Energy and water efficiency
  • sustainable transportation
  • Sutainable infrastructure
  • sustainable agriculture and forest management
  • responsible consumption and recycling
• • Green economy is an economy that aims at reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities, and that aims for sustainable development without degrading the environment
  • Green economy is a clean, environmentally friendly economy that promotes healt, wealth, and well-being