Suburbanisation and counterurbanisation

• Suburbanisation


  movement of people from inner parts of the city to outer edges (suburbs)

  * extensive areas of housing built on the edge of major cities

  * e.g development of new housing areas on broomfield sites leads to large private gardens and open green space
• Causes of suburbanisation


  * Car ownership

  * Public transport e.g railway lines+ arterial roads

  * Wealth increases (expensive)
• Effectsof suburbanisation


  * Greenbelt land

  * Urban sprawl

  * Out of town shopping

  * Decreases tax in CBD and decrease in services and infrastructure
• Greenbelt


  a tract of open land consisting of farmland woodland, and open recreational areas surrounding urban areas

  * protected by law from new building
• Greenfield sites


  undeveloped countryside areas which have previously never been built on
• Suburb


  an outlying district of a city
• CBD


  Cental Business District

  * focal point of a city

  * the commercial, office, retail, and cultural centre of the city

  * usually the centre point for transportation networks
• Counterurbanisation


  migration of people from from major urban areas to smaller urban settlements + rural areas (leapfrogging the urban-rural fringe)
• Causes of counterurbanisation


  * rising demand for second homes

  * internet advances e.g working from home

  * more affluent = higher car ownership (wealth)

  * rural areas attract income e.g farming

  * Better quality of life e.g cleaner air, less pollution, low crime rate
• Effects of counterurbanisation


  * commuter railway stations

  * large areas for car parking

  * rising house prices

  * growth of housing estates

  * divisions between newcomers + locals who are priced out of the area