Got it Translation

• Translation: The synthesis of a polypeptide using info from mRNA. Occurs in ribosomes, with a nucleotide sequence becoming an AA sequence. tRNA is important in translating mRNA to AA sequence
• Ribosomes (size)

  They have 2 subunits. Small and large

  Prokaryotes: small= 30, large= 40

  Eukaryotes: small= 40, large= 60
• Protein structures review


  Primary: chain of AA

  Secondary: coils and folds due to H-bonds forming. Alpha helix, beta pleated sheets

  Tertiary: side chain interactions

  Quaternary: 2+ polypeptide chains interacting
• Protein Folding

  During translation, the growing polypeptide chain starts to coil and fold. The genes determine the primary structure, which determines the final shape.

  Some polypeptides need chaperone proteins to fold correctly, and some need modifications before it can function in the cell.