Plasmodium spp Differentiation

• occurs in 48 hrs:

  P. vivax

  P. ovale

  P. falciparum
• occurs in 24 hrs:

  P. knowlesi
• occurs in 72 hrs:

  P. malariae
• schuffner's dots:

  P. vivax
• accole or applique form:

  P. falciparum
• malaria attacks cycle:

  Shivering chills for 15 to 60 mins

  High fever (41°C) for 2 to 6 hours

  Sweating (return to normal tempt)
• causes benign tertian malaria every 3 days:

  P. vivax

  P. ovale
• causes Benign Quartan malaria every 4 days:

  P. Ovale
• causes Malignant tertian malaria:

  P. falciparum
• Causes Quotidian Malaria every 24 hrs:

  P. knowlesi
• answer #1: Reticulocytes

  
• answer #2: ≥ 1/3 the size of red cell, multiple infection not uncommon

  
• answer #3:

  P. vivax: large, amoeboid form that fills red cells;

  P. ovale: more compact

  
• answer #4:

  P. vivax: 12-24 merozoites

  P. ovale: 6- l4 merozoites

  
• answer #5: Large, oval

  
• answer #6: Schuffner's dots

  
• answer #7: (+), delicate

  
• answer #8: Small to normal size

  
• answer #9: Think, small (l /3 the size of the red cell) Bird's eye forms (chromatin dot appears to be detached in center of ring)

  
• answer #10: Band and basket forms, do not fill red cell, prominent hematin pigment

  
• answer #11: 6-l2 merozoites often surrounding a clump of hematin pigment (rosette pattern)

  
• answer #12: Oval, often fills red cell

  
• answer #13: Ziemann's stippling

  
• answer #14: (+), coarse

  
• answer #15: All sizes red cell

  
• answer #16: Delicate, small (<l /3 the size of the red cell), may have 2 chromatin dots, applique forms, multiple infected RBCs common)

  
• answer #17: Rare in peripheral blood

  
• answer #18: Rare in peripheral blood

  
• answer #19: Banana-shaped, distorts red cell

  
• answer #20: Maurer clefts

  
• answer #21: (+), delicate

  
• punctate granulations:

  Schuffner's dots
• Fine dots:

  Ziemann's stippling
• Coarse granulations:

  Maurer clefts
• people with RBC Defects are immune to malaria:

  G6PD deficiency

  Sickle cell
• recurrence of symptoms after a temporary abatement:

  Recrudescence
• persistence of infxn that is undetectable and becomes detected again (24 hrs):

  Recrudescence
• Plasmodium spp that are recrudescence:

  P. falciparum

  P. malariae

  P. knowlesi
• return of a disease after its apparent cessation:

  Relapse
• reactivation of hypnozoites (1-6 months):

  Relapse