english review

• et al. (et alii)


  Means "and others" and abbreviates people in a list
• e.g. (exempli gratia)


  Means "for example"
• etc. (et cetera)


  Means "and so on". This is one of the Latin abbreviations that is most common and tends to be overused by many.
• Ib./ibid.ibidemin the same passage or page quoted abov
• loc. cit


  Latin, short for loco citato meaning "in the place cited" is a footnote or endnote term used to repeat the title and page number for a given work (and author).
• Population

  The entire set under consideration
• Problem statement

  A statement that indicates the specific purpose of the research, the variables of interest to the researcher, and any specific relationship between those variables that is to be, or was, investigated; includes description of background and rationale (justification) for the study.
• Purpose (of a study)

  A specific statement by a researcher of what he or she intends to accomplish.
• Research problem

  A problem that someone would like to research; it is the focus of a research investigation.
• Research Question

  A clear statement in the form of a question of the specific issue that a researcher wishes to analyze.
• Research report


  A description of how a study was conducted, including results and conclusions.
• Research setting


  The physical, social, or experimental context within which research is conducted.
• Results (of a study)


  A statement that explains what is shown by analysis of the data collected; includes tables and graphs when appropriate.
• Sampling Design


  The part of the research plan that specifies how and how many respondents will be selected for a study.
• Sample Size


  The number of subjects in a study. Larger samples are preferable to smaller samples, all else being equal.
• Technical definition


  States or describes the nature, scope, or meaning of something.
• Theoretical Framework


  The conceptual foundation of a research study which may be based on theory or a specific conceptual model (in which case it may be referred to as the conceptual framework).
• Validity


  The degree to which a study accurately reflects or assesses the specific concept that the researcher is attempting to measure.
• Variable


  Something that can be changed or altered during an experiment.
• Use technical terms when they're the clearest way to communicate your message, but use them with care.
• etc. (et cetera


  his means “and so on”. This is one of the Latin abbreviations that is most common
• ib ibid

  “in the same passage or page quoted above”’
• loc. cit

  in the place cited
• abstract 


  A brief summary of a research project and its findings
• assumption


  Any important assertion presumed to be true but not actually verified
• data


  a factual like measurement and statistics and used as a reasoning, discussion, and calculations
• concept


  A generally accepted collection of meanings
• this associated with events, objects, conditions, situations, and behaviors.

  concept
• conclusions 


  A brief summary of how the results of an experiment support or contradict a hypothesis
• construct 


  The abstract idea, underlying theme
• is it that one wishes to measure using survey questions

  construct
• hyphothesis


  A tentative explanation based on theory to predict a causal relationship
• limitations


  An aspect of a study that the researcher knows may influence the results or generalizability of the results,
• literature review 


  Provides a view of what others have written or researched on concerning topic
• methodology 


  a theory or analysis of how research does and should
• operational definitions 


  Defining a term by stating the actions, processes, or operations used to measure
• population


  the target group under investigation
• validity


  accurately reflects or assessess the specific concept that the researcher is attempting to measure