FORENSIC 5

• pnuemograph - A device that records respiration and one of the three traditional channels of the modern polygraph used in PDD.
• is a corrugated and stretchable rubberized tube or apparatus that is to be attached to the subject’s chest or stomach or both. Inhalation will cause the tube to stretch and subsequently create an upward tracing or movement of the pneumo-pen unto the polygraph chart. Exhalations are the downward tracings thereof.

  pneumograph tube
• is a freewheeling string of stainless beads with a hook which fastens the pneumographic tube unto subject’s chest or stomach.

  Beaded chain
• records the changes occurring in the human circulatory system such as the blood pressure and pulse rate.

  cardiograph component
• In PDD, the use of a blood pressure cuff to monitor relative arterial blood pressure changes and pulse wave is more precisely described as

  sphygmography
• shall be attached to the subject’s arm.

  arm cuff
• causes the arm cuff to inflate in order to produce blood pressure and pulse rates.

  hand pump bulb
• measures and monitor BP reading while the polygraphic testing is going on. The attachment of the cuff to the subjects arm must be centered so we can have a normal recorded pattern of the blood. As to produce clearer and precise pressure.

  Aneroid blood pressure meter gauge
• sometimes called the galvanic-skin-reflex (GSR) component, records the changes occurring in the nervous-excretory systems.

  galvanograph component
• are special types of sensitive metal plates to be attached to the subject’s end-joints of both the index and ring fingers for the recording of the electrical charges (ohms) from the brain through the skin.

  finger electrodes
• Motorized mechanism that moves strip chart paper at a specified rate. The current standard in PDD is 6 inches per minute, though historically there have been other speeds.

  kymograph component
• attach the pneumograph tube to subject’s chest; lock the beaded chain; close the vent; adjust sensitivity and pen-centering controls; align pen-cradle and pen to the chart; finally check the green ink tracing.


  upper pneumograph
• attach the pneumograph tube to subject’s stomach; lock the beaded chain; close the vent; adjust sensitivity and pen-centering controls; align pen-cradle and pen to the chart; finally check the green ink tracing.

  lower pneumograph
• wrap the arm cuff around subject’s right or left arm; close the vent; pump the hand-pump bulb to inflate arm cuff; check BP reading at the aneroid BP meter gauge; clip pinch-clamp to close pneumatic pressure; adjust sensitivity and pen-centering controls; align pen-cradle and pen to the chart; finally check the red ink tracing.

  cardiograph
• refers to the attachments of all the accessories for recordings of the polygraph whether analog or computerized.

  the simultaneous recordings
• start of the test

  X
• end of the test

  XX
• millimeter of mercury shown in sphygmomanometer dial

  60
• ohms of skin electrical resistance

  1.5
• refers to automatic or manual galvo amplifier used

  A or M
• particular point where each question begins and end (also called stimulus mark)

  //
• Yes answer to question

  +
• No answer question

  -
• adjustment

  A
• subject talked instead of answering with single Yes or No

  T
• subject request for repetition of question

  R
• coughing

  C
• noise

  N
• sigh of the subject

  S
• paper jam

  PJ
• subject sniffed

  SN
• breathing instruction

  BI
• tracing changed caused by outside stimulus

  OS
• movement

  M
• movement instruction

  MI
• laugh

  L
• used to signify belch

  B
• increase in galvo sensitivity

  C+
• decrease in galvo sensitivity

  C-
• yawn

  Y