Poems (love and relationships)

• "love's Philosophy" - shelly (language)

  • Biblical imagery of "heaven" and "divine" -> their relationship is perfect and holy, although shelly was against religion-> religious imagery in a manipulative way as to use every line of argument available, as if god meant for them to be-> disingenuous and manipulative
  • Personification of nature shows that just as the "mountains kiss" so should they, Reinforces the need to be intimate
  • Repeated use of "and" to hyperbolise the connection between nature, (analyse that it is not a poetic word)
• "Loves philosophy"- shelly (Form)

  • Follows the conventions of a dramatic monologue to emphasise the speakers emotions and thoughts, also presents him as demanding as he leaves no room for a response, presenting him as domineering as he does not care for his "lovers" opinion
• "Loves philosophy"- Shelly (structure)

  • Repetitive structure of 5 assertions followed by one rhetorical question highlights the repetitive demands of the speaker. as to make sure his point comes across and ideas heard highlighting his demanding nature.
  • Rhyme scheme is ABAB and changes between masculine and feminine rhymes, reflects the mingling of a man and woman just as they a man and woman should be doing
  • The progression of a widening scope of imagery from natural to celestial imagery from the stanzas--> more convincing and reflects a sense of desperation in the speaker
• "Eden rock"- Causley (language)

  • Title->Not a real place, fictional setting is used as a biblical allusion to the garden of Eden-> symbol of perfection of parent and child relationship, idolises his parents, simple field into paradise through their presence.
  • "Hair, the colour of wheat takes on the light" -> The light shining through her hair like a halo creates a angelic, seraphic and pure image of the mother. "wheat" conveys their natural and idyllic relationship.
  • monosyllabic language used in the last line convey a childlike simplicity, misses his close relationship with his parents.
• "Eden rock"- Causley (Structure)

  • Most stanzas are quatrains and around 10 syllables per line. Tight and controlled structure, peaceful tone and reflects the speakers emotions towards his parents, thinking of his parents gives him peace of mind.
  • The steady rhyme scheme of half rhymes suggests that the relationship is lacking and not perfect as they are no longer with him.
  • Disjointed structure of the final line, were the last line is segregated conveys how the speaker feels isolated from his parents due to the barrier of death, further emphasized by the beckoning from the other "bank"
• "Neutral Tones" - Hardy (Language)

  • "And"-> angry outburst of the speaker. "And", used it to convey how the anger of the speaker sent him to a primal, childlike state.
  • "smile...the deadest thing", oxymoron represent that the couple like the words do not make sense together, further emphasised by the "grin of bitterness" which contrasts enjoyment and excitement with disappointment.
  • "Sun was white, as though chidden of God", conveys melancholy of the speaker to the end of his relationship, "chidden" old word to show the speaker is unable to escape the past
• "neutral tones"- Hardy (structure)

  • Cyclical structure beginning and ending by the pond- unable to escape the moment being described and unable to gain closure from his past relationship.
  • ABBA rhyme scheme nsuggests that their is no escape, Could also imply how the speaker feels trapped in the relationship (rhymes enclose eachother)Further emphasized by the rigid stanza length conveying the lack of progression
  • change from full to half rhymes shows how disoriented the relationship is.
• "neutral tones"- hardy (form)

  • Follows the conventions of a dramatic monologue to serve as a reminder that it is from the point of view of the speaker and to emphasize his disappointment at the state of his relationship
• "climbing my grandfather" - waterhouse

  • mountains are steady, reliable and admirable, sense of stability shines through, extended metaphor conveys respect he holds for his grandfather. Climbing a mountain is hard but rewarding, putting effort into a relationship gives great benefits
  • made up of 1 long stanza, unbrokenness reflects the stability of his grandfather and reinforces the extended metaphor, feels he is stable and reliable. -> that with enjoyment and free verse reflects the continuous action of the climb : the speaker is so excited to discover his grandfathers past.
• "climbing my grandfather" - waterhouse (language)

  • "like warm ice" oxymoron and simile, may suggest how the grandfather has a hard exterior corroborated by his "splintered" nails but is soft and "warm " in the inside. cannot be warm for long
  • comment on his appearane which could suggest that the speaker does not know his grandfather well enough.
  • "slow pulse of his good heart" monosyllabic sentence , slows down the pace of reading, reflects the slow heart beat of the grandfather-> realised he is dying, melancholic emotions portraid by the slowing down of pace
  • "glassy" "scar" "gently"
• "sonnet 29 - i think of thee" - Browning (structure)

  • ABBA rhyme scheme could be used to convey her desire to ensnare and cover her lover from the public and her dissaproving father. Alternatively could relate to her wanting a close relationship to her husband corroborated by the sexual imagery in the poem.
  • Victorian women were viewed as weak . Backed up by the imagery of women as "vine" and men as the "tree". This contrasts Browings ideals as she was an advocate for womens right and against the patriarchy. Her overwhelming love made her forget her ideals
• "sonnet 29 - i think of thee" browing (form)

  • Slipping out of iambic pentameter to express her intensity of love, causing her to lose control of herself and poetic form. This is reinforced by the volta of "rather, instantly Renew thy presence" being spread out in 2 lines, breaking the rule of the sonnet form. This could suggest that her love is not perfect as they are not together.
  • Petrarchan sonnet, conveys her intense feelings before anything was consimated, Alternatively as it is an old sonnet form could suggest how her love is timeless.
• "sonnet 29- i think of thee" -browning (langauge)

  • "wild vines" natural imagery reflects her uncontrollable and immense passion, may also refers to her secret courtship
  • "tree" Imagery of vines and tree is used as biblical allusion, refering to jesus as the tree. Here her lover represents the tree and her the vines which shows how she views her husband as godlike . Also suggests that she is dependent on her husband like vines on a tree
• "winter swans" Owen (langauge)

  • "clouds have given their all" Natural imagery negative aspects of the relationship throught the pathethic phallacy and personalification of the clouds. Conveys a sense of futility and describes the melancholic mood of the speaker. corroborated by the fact that it takes place in the winter.
  • "icebergs of white feather" symbolises the firm foundation a couple should have-> ice berg could have been used as a metaphor to convey that a relationship requires both parties to work towards the succes of the relationship emphasized by the swans "tipping in unison"
• "winter swans" owen (langauge)

  • "Pair of wings" conveys how their relationship has accended to a metaphysical level. The religous connotations of wings is used to convey how close they have become like wings they are a pair.
• "winter swans" owen (structure)

  • 3 line stanza and uneven line length suggests the distance between the couple.
  • Couplet conveys the improvement in the relationship. Couplets also provides connotations to unity and are ofte used in love poems
  • the shift from negative natural imagery symbolises the shifts in their relationship for the better.
  • The rhymes work towards a fuller rhymes which suggests that the relationship too is improving.
• "follower" -Heany (structure)

  • The thight control structure and order of the poem reflects the skill of the father and therefore what the speaker so admires in him.
  • moments were the tight structure is challanged, on the first part(about the father) of the poem there are full rhyme and the last part (about the speaker)half rhymes. reflects how he is unable to match the perfection of his father. In comparison to his full rhyme father he does not compare.
  • enjambment was used to convey the speed and skill of his father in plowing.
  • shift in focus
• "follower" Heany (language)

  • changing meaning of the word "follower" throughout the relationship reflects the changing relationship throughout the poem
  • "like a full sail " the skilled plowing is similar to the smooth motion of sailing, points out the skill of the father, managing a plow with such skill is like mastering a ship, something which is difficult to do.
  • "all i ever did was follow in his broad shadow " The noun shadow conveys how the speaker felt eclipsed by his fathers presence . In order to escape he had to pay the price of their relationship hence the distance