B5

• Communicable diseases are diseases caused by pathogens that are spread from one person to another
• Non-communicable diseases are diseases that cannot spread from one person to another
• Measles is a viral disease caused and spread by inhalation of droplets of sneezes and coughs
• Measles symptoms include fever and red skin rash and if complications arise can cause blindness and brain damage
• Measles treatment is isolation and MMR vaccine
• HIV/AIDs is a viral disease spread by sexual contact or exchange of body fluids
• HIV/AIDS symptoms include flu-like illness
• HIV can be prevented by using condoms, not sharing needles and anti-retroviral drugs
• Tobacco mosaic virus is a viral plant disease spread by contact between diseased and healthy plant and insects as vector
• TMV symptoms include mosaic pattern of discoloration on leaves and stunted growth of plant due to lack of photosynthesis
• TMV treatment includes farmers growing TMV resistant crops, good field hygiene and good pest control
• Salmonella is a bacterial diseases spread by uncooked food, poor hygiene and toxins
• Salmonella symptoms include vomitting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps within 72 hours of eating food and last a few days
• Salmonella treatment includes poultry vaccinated and prevented by having good hygiene and keeping raw chicken away from good and cooking properly
• Gonorrhea is a bacterial disease spread by unprotected sexual contact with infected person
• Gonorrhea symptoms include yellow discharge from vagina or penis, pain when urinating. However untreated it can lead to long-term pelvic pain , ectopic pregnancies, infertilitiy and babies born with eye problems
• Gonorrhea treatment is with antibiotics and prevented by condoms
• Malaria is a disease spread by protist pathogen and caused by mosquito bite
• Malaria symptoms include affects liver, damages RBCs, recurrent episodes of fever, shaking due to protists bursting out of RBCs
• Rose black spot is a fungal disease spread by rain and wind
• Rose black spot symptoms include purple or black spots on leaves, leaves yellowing and dropping early
• Rose black spot treatment involves removing and burning affected leaves and using chemical fungicides