chemistry

• Metal ore


  A rock containing enough metal/metal compounds so that it can be extracted and sold
• Metals


  • Potassium
  • Sodium
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium
  • Aluminium
  • Carbon
  • Zinc
  • Iron
  • Manganese
  • Lead
  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Platinum
• Metals more reactive than carbon


  • Extracted by electrolysis of motion compounds
• Metals less reactive than carbon


  • Can be extracted by reduction (displacement with carbon)
• Inactive metals


  The most unreactive metals, found in the earth's crust
• Anything below carbon


  • Can be displaced and it is less reactive than carbon
  • Will be able to be displaced from a compound
• Oxidation


  When Oxygen is added to a substance and reacts and combines with it
• Combustion


  • Example of oxidation
• Reduction


  When a substance loses Oxygen, and gains electrons
• Redox reaction


  When both oxidation and reduction take place
• Properties of metals


  • Shiny
  • Good conductors
  • Dense
  • Malleable
• Metallic bonding


  • Metal atoms bond to form metallic bonds
  • Metal atoms lose electrons to become metal ions and lost electrons become delocalised
  • Consists of layers of positive metal ions around a sea of delocalised negative electrons
• The structure of metals allows their electrons to move freely, creating a path for electricity
• The bonding between atoms helps conducting electricity
• The structure and bonding allows atoms to slide past each other, making them malleable
• Alloy


  A mixture of elements including one metal
• Pure substance


  Consists only of a single element or compound
• Impure substance


  Mixture containing 2 different substances