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• Patient Education has been a part of health care since the first healer gave the first patient advice about treating his (or her) ailments
• Although the term patient education was not specifically used, considerable efforts by the earliest healers to inform, encourage, and caution patients to follow appropriate hygiene and therapeutic measures occurred even in prehistoric times
• Because these early healers-physicians, herbalists,midwives,and shamans-did not have a lot of effective diagnostic and treatment interventions, it is likely that education was, in fact, one of the most common
• Florence Nightingale


  The FIRST NURSE EDUCATOR, the founder of modern nursing, was the ultimate educator
• Florence Nightingale


  1. Develop the first school of nursing

  2. Devoted most of her career in teaching nurses, physicians, and health officials

  3. Emphasized the importance of adequate nutrition, fresh air, exercise, and personal hygiene to patients
• Nursing was first acknowledged as a unique discipline, teaching has been recognized as an important role of nurses as caregiver


  Mid 1800
• Role of a nurse as teacher in disease prevention in the community was clearly understood

  Early 1900
• For decades, patient teaching has been recognized as an independent nursing function
• NLNE National League of Nursing Education observed the importance of health teaching as a function within the scope of nursing practice

  1918
• NLNE recognized nurses as agents for the promotion of health & prevention of illness in all setting

  2 decades later
• NLNE identified course content in nursing school curricula to prepare nurses to assume the role as teachers

  1950
• JCAHO established nursing standards for patient education

  1993
• NLNE developed the 1st certified nurse educator (CNE) exam

  2006
• EDUCATION PROCESS


  A systematic, sequential, logical, scientifically based, planned course of action consisting of two interdependent operations---teaching & learning (APIE) Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
• NURSING PROCESS


  ADPIE Assessment,Diagnois,Planning,Implementation, Evaluation
• TEACHING


  As one component of the educational process, it is a deliberate, intentional act of communicating information to the learner in response to identified learning needs with the objective of producing learning to achieve desired behavioral outcomes
• LEARNING


  A change in the behavior (SKA) that can be observed or measured and that can occur at any time or in any place as a result of exposure to environmental stimuli
• PATIENT EDUCATION


  A process of assisting people to learn health-related behaviors that can be incorporated into everyday life with the goal of optimal health & independence in self-care
• STAFF EDUCATION


  The process of influencing the behavior of nurses by producing changes in their knowledge, attitudes, and skills to help nurses maintain and improve their competencies for the delivery of quality care to the consumer
• TEACHING PLAN


  Overall blueprint or outline for instruction clearly defining the relationship between the essential components of behavioral objectives, instructional content, teaching methods and tools, time frame for teaching, and methods of evaluation that fit together in a logical pattern of flow to achieve a predetermined goal
• 6 Major Categories of Effective Teaching in Nursing


  • Professional Competence
  • Interpersonal Relationships with Students
  • Personal Characteristics
  • Teaching Practices
  • Evaluation Practices
  • Availability to Students
• Professional Competence


  • Develops knowledge of the subject matter & polishes skills throughout his career
  • Expands through reading, research, clinical practice, & continuing education
• Interpersonal Relationships with Students


  • Sensitive to the feelings & problems of learners
  • Respect for students, being fair
  • Creating atmosphere which students can ask express ideas/feelings
  • Conveys a sense of warmth (emphatic listening, acceptance, & honest communication)
• Personal Characteristics


  • Authenticity, enthusiasm, cheerfulness
  • Self-control, patience, flexibility, sense of humor
  • Good speaking voice, self-confidence & caring attitude
• Teaching Practices


  • Mechanics, methods, & skills in classroom & clinical teaching
  • Thorough knowledge of the subject matter
  • Presents material in an interesting, clear, & organized manner
  • Good teaching style & strategies
  • Teaches subject matter in a stimulating way, not boring
• Evaluation Practices


  • Communicates expectations
  • Provides timely feedback on students progress
  • Correcting students tactfully
  • Fair in evaluating process
  • Giving tests pertinent to the subject matter
• Availability to Students


  • Physically helping students giving nursing care
  • Appropriate amount of supervision
  • Freely answering questions
  • Resource person in RLE
• Hallmarks of Good Teaching


  • Clarity
  • Time on task
  • Class time
• Clarity


  The clear teacher is the one who: Logically organizes instruction, Explains what is to be learned, Uses simple terms to present new material, Constantly assess whether students can follow, Uses examples whenever possible, Allows student time to think what is being thought, Uses repetition & summarization
• 7 Principles of Good Practice

  • Encourage student-faculty contact
  • Encourage cooperation among students
  • Encourage active learning
  • Give prompt feedback
  • Emphasize time on task
  • Communicate high expectations
  • Respect diverse talents & ways of learning
• Barriers to Teaching


  • Lack of time to teach
  • Lack of competence & confidence with teaching skills
  • Lack or no motivation to teach
  • Lack of financial support for educational program
  • Lack of avenue for documentation
• Obstacles in Learning


  • Lack of time to learn
  • Health condition of the patient; acute & chronic illness
  • Low literacy
  • Negative influence of the hospital environment
  • Personal characteristics of a learner
  • The extent of behavioral change
  • Lack of support and positive reinforcement
  • Denial of learning needs
  • Poor healthcare