Transcription and translation of RNA

• Transcription of mRNA

  1. mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus.
  2. RNA polymerase moves along DNA unwinding and unzipping the double helix
  3. Hydrogen bond between strands/bases break
  4. complementary base pairing Uracil in RNA is complimentary to Adenine and cytosine is complimentary to guanine.
  5. RNA polymerase synthesises a primary transcript of mRNA from free RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing between mRNA and DNA occurs. 
• 6. Uracil in RNA is Complimentary to Adenine

  7. Only one gen is transcribed/ form mRNA

  8. RNA splicing forms a mature transcript

  9. Introns of the primary transcript are non-coding regions and are removed

  10. Exons are the coding regions and are joined together to from mature mRNA transcript

  11. The mature mRNA transcripts leaves the nucleus and moves to the ribosome to be translated
• 1. tRNA is involved in the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide.
  2. Translation occurs at a ribosome.
  3. tRNA is has an anticodon and an amino acid attachment site.
  4. mRNA has a codon.
  5. Translation begins at a start codon and ends at a stop codon.
  6. Anticodons bond to codons by complementary base pairing
  7. translating the genetic code into a sequence of amino acids.
  8. Peptide bonds join the amino acids together.
  9. Each tRNA then leaves the ribosome as the polypeptide is formed