Psychology - Memory

• Working memory

  • holding information long enough to work with it
  • the duration is 20 secs
• sensory memory 


  very brief recall of a sensory experience

  • within 3 to less seconds
  • filters out unimportant information and forwards any relevant information
• short term memory 


  brief period of time where you can recall information you where just exposed to

  • 30secs to a few days
• long term memory 


  encompasses memories

  • 3 days - more days
• Explicit memory 


  Involves conscious work to remember information
• semantic memory (explicit)


  Store house of facts and permanent knowledge
• episodic memory (explicit)


  the ability to remember to episodes of your life
• implicit memory 


  happens without you being consciously aware
• procedural memory (implicit)


  how to preform a specific task
• priming (implicit)


  stimulus influences how people respond
• emotional conditioning (implicit)


  association with previous neutral stimulus
• 3 stages of memory

  1. Encoding
  2. storage
  3. retrieval
• Encoding 


  Distinctiveness

  flashbulb memory
• Distinctiveness 


  -Aid the process of encoding

  -something unique or usual that helps us remember
• Flashbulb memory


  mental snapshot of a important moment that sticks with us
• Storage 


  -memory trace

  -consolidation

  -retention interval
• Memory trace aka engram 


  Mental footprint left behind when experiencing something
• Consolidation 


  Process of converting short-term to long-term
• Retention interval 


  Time between learning and testing
• Retrieval 


  Availability

  accessibility

  encoding specificity principle

  measuring retrieval
• Availability 


  All information stored in memory
• Accessibility 


  Information we are able to retrieve
• Encoding specificity principle


  effectiveness of retrieval cues
• Measuring retrieval 


  Production tests - generational of studied information

  recognition test - selection of studied info from aggregate information