Anatomy Ch. 3

• Polymerase


  A polymer that synthesizes a polymer
• Oligopeptide


  Not long enough to be classified as a protein
• Insulin


  Has a negative effect on blood [glucose]
• Dehydrogenase


  Removes hydrogen from a molecule
• Base


  Removes a hydrogen ion from a solution
• Ribose


  Larger sugar than deoxyribose
• Isomers


  Have the same molecular formula, but different shapes
• Enzyme


  Lowers a reaction's activation energy
• All isotopes of hydrogen have the same atomic number
• Sucrose molecule


  Not classified in the same major group of organic compounds as sucrase
• Substrate size


  Has a negative effect on reaction rate
• Not all bonds within a protein are peptide bonds
• Polymer


  A macromolecule
• Thymine makes up 30% of the bases in a human DNA molecule


  20% of the remaining bases should be guanine
• Not all dipeptides have the same molecular weight
• All enzymes are polypeptides
• Changing the shape of a molecule


  An example of an effect of kinetic energy
• Albumin is a polypeptide
• Phosphatase


  Removes a phosphate ion from a compound
• All enzymes are proteins
• Changing a compound's shape


  A type of chemical work
• Colloid


  Particles do not settle out of the mixture
• Element


  The smallest item that can be called an element has the name that literally means "indivisible"
• Water


  Can form hydration shells around parts of any neutral molecules if they are polar molecules
• Dephosphorylating a compound


  Can change the compound's shape
• Solution


  A homogenous mixture
• Uracil makes up 30% of the bases in a dsRNA


  30% of the remaining bases should be adenine
• TCU


  The initials for the smaller, single-ringed nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids
• Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffering system


  Bicarbonate part removes hydrogen ions from a solution
• Suspension


  Heterogeneous mixtures
• Tritium is an example of a radioactive isotope of hydrogen
• Superoxide ion (O2-)


  Contains more energy than a neutral oxygen molecule
• Electrons in an atom's outermost shell


  At a higher energy level than those in the inner shells
• Keratin


  A polymer that has a strengthening function in the body
• End-product inhibition of an enzyme


  An example of negative feedback
• Phosphorylase


  Adds phosphate to a compound
• Just because a compound can dissociate into ions does not mean the compound is held together by ionic bonds
• Substance X-


  Has less energy than substance X2-
• Hydrolase


  Performs hydrolysis
• Enzymes are not made in the nucleus