Ch. 5

• Translocation at a ribosome can occur at any time during the cell cycle
• Not all cells in the body transcribe the same genes, even though the same genes may be present
• Protein synthesis does not occur on ribosomal subunits inside a cell's nucleus
• Intramolecular hydrogen bonds exist in tRNA molecules
• The amount of cyclin in a cell varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle
• Cyclin molecules become more abundant in a cell during G1
• Start codon


  The DNA triplet with the base sequence TAC
• Anticodons are transcribed from DNA templates
• DNA polymerase does not contain thymine in its molecular structure
• Transcribing one DNA triplet produces one codon on an mRNA molecule
• Human cells contain more than 92 DNA molecules at prophase of mitosis
• The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin, consisting mostly of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
• There are 46 replicated linear chromosomes in a human cell during metaphase of mitosis
• Condensed chromosome #5 contains the same amount of DNA as the uncoiled chromosome #5
• A replication bubble along a linear DNA molecule has two replication forks
• Cdk


  A protein that is part of mitosis-promoting factor
• Linear chromosomes condense due to the presence of histone proteins
• A tRNA molecule has one 3' end and one 5' end
• DNA proofreading is performed by DNA polymerase II during interphase
• Human cells make all their nucleic acids in human cells along DNA templates
• Replicated chromosomes contain chromatids, which contain nucleosomes, which contain DNA and protein
• All of a cell's DNA molecules are double helix
• Whether holding a hand in anatomical position or making a fist, the hand's volume is not altered
• Translation does not occur without using an organic molecule synthesized during transcription
• Transcription does not occur without using an organic molecule synthesized during translation
• A frameshift mutation is not responsible for generating a sickle-cell hemoglobin molecule
• A species' haploid and diploid numbers relate to nuclear chromosomes
• A human somatic cell contains 44 replicated, paternal autosomes during prophase of mitosis
• After methionine, subsequent tRNAs first enter the A site and then translocation moves them to the P site
• If a flat cell and a cuboidal cell have the same mass


  The flat cell will have more surface area
• Methionine is carried to a ribosome by a tRNA that has the anticodon UAC
• Histone proteins can act like "spools" around which "threads" of DNA can wrap
• A small strand of RNA is synthesized next to the DNA template before a new strand of DNA is synthesized
• Codons and telomeres do not contain the same pyrimidine bases
• RNA polymerase is made in the cytoplasm at a ribosome
• In human cells, RNA is synthesized in the nucleoplasm and in the cytoplasm
• RNA polymerase is made in translation, and it is required in G1 phase of the cell cycle
• Ribosomal protein is synthesized at a ribosome but rRNA is not
• A human chromosome may have as many as 2000 telomere segments early in life
• All RNA molecules are synthesized along a gene beginning at the gene's 3' end