Emerging Technologies- BTE FInal

• Innovation Trigger


  A potential technology breakthrough kicks things off. Early proof-of-concept stories and media interest trigger significant publicity. Often no usable products exist, and commercial viability is unproven.
• Peak of Inflated Expectations


  Early publicity produces a number of success stories — often accompanied by scores of failures. Some companies take action; many do not.
• Trough of Disillusionment


  Interest wanes as experiments and implementations fail to deliver. Producers of the technology shake out or fail. Investments continue only if the surviving providers improve their products to the satisfaction of early adopters.
• Slope of Enlightenment


  More instances of how the technology can benefit the enterprise start to crystallize and become more widely understood. Second- and third-generation products appear from technology providers. More enterprises fund pilots; conservative companies remain cautious.
• Plateau of Productivity


  Mainstream adoption starts to take off. Criteria for assessing provider viability are more clearly defined. The technology's broad market applicability and relevance are clearly paying off.
• Non-Fungible Token (NFT)


  A unit of data stored on a blockchain that represents a unique item
• NFT


  • Real-world physical items or digital assets
  • Not mutually interchangeable, i.e., not fungible
  • One-of-a-kind piece of code, stored and protected on the blockchain
  • Can represent anything that exists as or can be represented by a digital
  • Provides a way to authenticate ownership, permanency, and blockchain recorded provenance
• NFTs are cryptocurrency where each piece accompanies artwork or a video clip
• Discriminative Algorithms


  Try to classify input data; that is, given the features of an instance of data, they predict a label or category to which that data belongs. They simply map features to labels.
• Generative Algorithms


  Do the opposite of discriminative algorithms. Instead of predicting a label given certain features, they attempt to predict features given a certain label.
• Discriminative models


  Learn the boundary between classes
• Generative models


  Model the distribution of individual classes
• ChatGPT


  Chat-based interface to GPT(Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) developed by OpenAI as an automated text generator
• BLOCKCHAIN is expected to close the TRUST gap, how we trust each other and how we trust in business
• The first blockchain was conceptualized by a person (or group of people) known as Satoshi Nakamoto


  2008
• The Old Ledger System


  • Fundamental way we store information (Example: record of a house)
  • Problem in the ledger today that a record can be easily tampered with (record can be deleted, record can be modified, record can be added)
  • Hence, a system of INTERMEDIARIES exists to VERIFY trust-worthiness of the ledger, and, ultimately, of the counterparties involved
• Intermediaries in the Old Ledger System


  • Title agencies, tile insurers, title attorneys
  • Banks
  • DMVs
  • Credit agencies
• The NEW ledger system (w blockchain)


  • Every record on the ledger has a very secure, unhackable key
  • Every record is stamped with the unique SEAL of approval
  • When the next record is written in the ledger, everything in the PRIOR record, including its content and the unique key, is encoded (hashed) and becomes a part of the current record key
  • Technology assures integrity of the entire ledger by chaining all of the records together
• Blockchain (how it works)


  1. Chain of blocks that contains information (e.g., transactions)

  2. Distributed ledger open to everyone

  3. Multiple parties (peers) share it by keeping an identical copy

  4. All participants must give approval to the new recording = new block

  5. Each block contains: Data, Hash - unique cryptographic identifier = a fingerprint of a block, The hash of the predecessor block

  6. New Block is concatenated with prior block

  7. Hashing and the proof-of-work make the blockchain secure

  8. Every recording uses private cryptographic key or digital signature

  9. The process is repeated over and over creating a 'block chain'
• Crowdfunding


  Method for obtaining project funding, by soliciting contributions from a large group of people, and especially from an online community
• Crowdfunding


  • Small donations from many people can raise a lot of money
  • By tapping into your online social connections, you can reach a much broader audience in less time than traditional fundraising processes
  • Promoted as a way of assisting small businesses and start-ups looking for investment capital to help get their business ventures off the ground
• Congress recently passed the JOBS Act, which directs the (SEC) to create rules exempting crowdfunding from the securities registration laws