Endocrine Pituitary gland

• Pituitary hormone preparation not given Orally

  because their peptidyl nature makes them susceptible to destruction by proteolytic enzymes of the digestive tract.
• Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is used in


  diagnostically to differentiate between

  • Cushing disease (Pituitary tumor)
  • ACTH increase pituitary tumoR
  • ectopic ACTH-producing cell
  • ACTH NOT change ectopic
• Drug for Diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency

  Treatment multiple sclerosis

  Treatment infantile spasms


  cosyntropin
• use of Can cause hypertension 


  ACTH
• Use of. Can cause Diabetes 


  Somatropin
• In acromegaly syndrome of excess GH due to hormone-secreting tumors *benign*


  IGF-1 levels are high
• Drug for treatment of HIV patients with cachexia


  Somatropin
• Somatropin should not be used in

  closed epiphyses

  Prader-Willi syndrome

  diabetic retinopathy
• synthetic analogs of somatostatin

  Octreotide and lanreotide
• Octreotide and lanreotide (somatostatin) Use in treatment of


  Acromegaly

  esophageal varices

  carcinoid tumors

  diarrhea flushing
• can cause asymptomatic cholesterol gallstones

  steatorrhea gallbladder 


  Octreotide and lanreotide (Somatostatin)
• GnRH analogs


  Leuprolide effective in suppressing production of FSH and LH prevent endomet and prostate cancer
• GnRH antagonist 


  Cetrorelix and ganirelix

  used to inhibit LH secretion in infertility prtocols
• Menotropins hMG obtained from urine of postmenopausal women contain FSH and LH
• Urofollitropin obtained from urine of postmenopausal women contain FSH only
• Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a placental hormone effect identical to those of LH
• Follitropin FSH product using recombinant

  DNA technolog
• Its B subunit measured to detect pregnancy and is a tumor marker

  hCG
• Prolactin

  stimulates by

  inhibits by

  stimulates by thyrotropin releasing hormone

  inhibits by dopamine agonists
• Drugs increase the secretion of prolactin.

  metoclopramide And antipsychotic
• Hyperprolactinemia treatd with dopamine antagonist


  bromocriptine and cabergoline
• Pitotocin = oxytocin

  stimulate uterine contraction and induce labor

  Oxytocin also causes milk ejection
• Desmopressin analog of vasopressin treat

  diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis(involuntary urination)

  intranasally or orally
• The nasal spray of desmopressin should not be used for enuresis


  cause seizures in children
• Treatment of esopahgeal varice


  Vasopressin and octreotide and lanreotide