APush Exam

• Bering Strait


  Route through which the first people came to America from Asia
• Bartolomé de Las Casas


  Key resource on Columbus's expedition, very biased and negative towards Columbus, exposed the horrible treatment of Native by Europeans
• European Colonization


  • Spanish - Settled in central and South America
  • French - New France (Canada and Ohio Valley)
  • Britain - East Coast (13 Colonies)
• French had the best relationship with Natives
• Colonial Rebellions


  • Bacon's Rebellion (1676) - Led to end of Indentured Servitude and INCREASE in slavery
  • Pueblo Revolt (1680) - Natives revolt against the Spanish
  • Stono Rebellion (1739) - Slaves kill many whites in SC
• Massachusetts Bay


  "City Upon a Hill", supposed to be a model society founded by John Winthrop
• Pennsylvania


  Founded by William Penn
• More Women Rights
• Religiously TOLERANT
• Rhode Island


  Founded by Roger Williams, Religiously Tolerant
• Virginia (Jamestown)


  Tobacco improved economy! Joint Stock Company
• 1st Great Awakening


  Great religious revival, founded by John Edwards
• Mercantilism


  Purpose of colonies to provide wealth for the mother country
• Navigational Laws


  Laws: enforced mercantilism, colonies only trade with Britain
• French and Indian (7 years) war (1754 – 1763)


  British & Colonist vs. french and natives
• Spain joins the war hoping to limit British gains, yet they are also defeated (1762)
• Treaty of Paris


  France gave Louisiana to Spain, Spain gave Florida to British, West Indies colonies were returned to original colonizers
• DRASTICALLY altered British and Colonist relationship
• FRENCH are driven out of North America
• End of "Salutary Neglect" = more hands-on approach from Britain
• Pontiac's Rebellion


  Natives rebellion in Ohio Valley, Massive native uprising
• Proclamation line of 1763


  Colonists can't expand beyond the line to the west, Colonists are mad because they just fought a war to acquire land rather they are denied to, An attempt to keep the Native Americans divided from the colonist to prevent additional rebellions like "Pontiac's Rebellion"
• Colonist eventually ignore the Proclamation line of 1763
• After War Britain is in DEBT, try to TAX THE COLONIES
• Stamp Act (1765)


  Attempt to raise revenue from the colonies, Pay tax on ALL legal documents, Ignites "No taxation without representation"
• 37 delegates from 9 colonies petition Parliament's right to tax Colonist
• Non-importation agreements


  To economically hurt Britain
• Sugar Act (1764)


  Increased Jurisdiction of admiralty courts (Military Courts), Increased search warrants
• Sons of Liberty


  A secret organization founded by Samuel Adams to fight taxation by the British Government, Wanted FREEDOM
• Stamp Act Congress/Continental Congress


  Convened in New York (October 1765) by moderate representatives of nine colonies to frame resolutions of "rights and grievances" and to petition the king and Parliament for repeal of the objectionable measures
• Boston Massacre (1770)


  British soldiers point and fire into a crowd of colonials, this event helped to accelerate the colonies want to fight against Britain and also served to unite them against Britain
• The event was heavily publicized by leading Patriots such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams
• Stamp Act


  Repealed in 1766
• Declaratory Act


  Asserts Parliament's right to legislate for the colonies
• Quartering Act (1765)


  Required colonist to provide British Soldiers with housing and food
• Townshend Duties (1767)


  Taxation on lead, paint, paper, glass, and tea
• Leads to a new round of protest and violence
• Boston Tea Party (1773)


  Colonist dump chest of tea onto the harbor from British ships
• British respond by passing Intolerable Acts
• Up until 1776, most colonist did NOT want independence, rather they longed for salutary neglect