P.E

• Frontcountry camping


  Also called "car camping", camping on planned campgrounds where it is close to a vehicle, with certain amenities (such as bathrooms and stores) and emergency aid
• Backcountry camping


  The opposite of frontcountry, where no amenities are readily available and motorized vehicles cannot reach the camping site. It will require some physical exertion such as hiking or canoeing to travel to the location or to move from place to place
• Essential things to bring in camping


  • Clothes
  • Sleeping bag and pad
  • Tent
  • Cooking and eating utensils
  • First aid kit
• Clothes


  • The first line of defense to maintain appropriate core temperature
  • Layering clothes is the most effective way to regulate body temperature
• Clothing layers


  • Base layer (skin layer)
  • Insulating layer
  • Wind and/or rain barrier layer
• Sleeping bag


  Provides warmth and comfort for a good rest and night
• Tent


  Gives protection from the rain, wind, and bugs
• Cooking and eating utensils

  A small lightweight backpack stove are more efficient than open fire because temperatures can be controlled
• Safety tips for camping


  • Check all equipment, weather conditions, and locations/map
  • Be aware of surroundings
  • Map out emergency plans
  • Protect self from sun, cold, dehydration, and insects
  • Practice fire safety and orientations
  • Never walk alone, approach wild animals, or feed animals
  • Follow "Leave No Trace"
• Orienteering


  An outdoor finding activity, in which individual or group run or walk to find and reach a series of control points. It requires navigational skills with the use of a compass or topographical map or even trail signs as guide in an unfamiliar terrain
• Types of orienteering


  • Canoe orienteering
  • Car orienteering
  • Mountain bike orienteering
  • Mountain marathoning
  • Mounted orienteering
  • Rogaining
• Basic skills in orienteering


  • Map folding
  • Understanding map features
  • Compass reading
  • Trail sign recognition
• Map colors in orienteering


  • Black - rock features
  • Brown - landforms
  • Blue - water features
  • Yellow - vegetation and unforested land
  • Bright yellow - lawns
  • Pale yellow - meadows with high grass
  • Green - vegetation that slows down passage
  • White - forest and undergrowth plants
  • Purple - used to mark the orienteering course

  
• Types of compass


  • Mountaineering/orienteering compass
  • Card compass
• Preparation for orienteering

  • Personal health
  • Technique
  • Clothing
  • Footwear
  • Food
  • Equipment
  • Whistle
  • Map
• Hiking


  Walking outdoor with or without trails for recreational purposes
• Hiking


  • Essential in mountaineering and climbing because everything starts and ends up hiking in a natural environment
  • A normal hike usually covers 11-19 kms for a half day or 19-32 kms for full a day
  • Promotes body fitness
  • Economical and convenient because it no longer requires special gears and equipment
• Types of Hiking


  • Day hike
  • Base Camping
  • Backpacking
  • Heli hiking
  • Geocaching
  • Pilgrimage
  • Hunting
• Day hike


  For beginners who want to start building their trail skills
• Base Camping


  Overnight hike
• Backpacking


  A type of hiking which involves staying out with nature for a few days
• Heli hiking


  The priciest type of hiking as its offers everyone to reach the wildest and highest location in comfort using a helicopter
• Geocaching


  The term "geocache" comes from the words "geo" meaning earth and "cache" meaning French for hidden location of a place. These meaning aims to find or secret hidden items in not easily accessible places like wilderness.
• Pilgrimage


  Type of hiking that involves going to shrine, churches, and other religious holy places for spiritual enlightment
• Hunting


  Outdoor activity that involves a lot of hiking
• Dangers in Hiking


  • Feet Blisters
  • Diarrhea/Travelers Diarrhea
  • Skin irritation
  • Muscle cramping
  • Exhaustion
• Hiking Etiquette


  • The principle of right way
  • Avoid making unnecessary loud noises
  • Feeding of animals is dangerous
• Trekking


  A form of walking, undertaken with the specific purpose of exploring and enjoying the scenery. It usually takes place on trails in areas of relatively unspoiled wilderness. This recreational activity is a little bit different from mountaineering because trekking doesn't follow known trails that other climbers use to reach the destinations. Trekking is more on exploring the mountain and wilderness with unknown route to follow.
• In USA, the common term for trekking is backpacking. In New Zealand it is called as tramping. In the Philippines, trekking is a form primarily used for this recreational activity.
• Types of Trekking


  • Lodge Tea House or Lodge Trekking
  • Camping organized Trek
  • Self-arranged Trek
  • Trekking with a Trekking company
• Lodge Tea House or Lodge Trekking


  In this type of trek the accommodation and meals are provided by the teas house at cheaper amount.
• Camping organized Trek


  It is a fully organized because it involves the team of guides, cooks and even porters.
• Self-arranged Trek


  Third style of trek in which you are the only trekker in a small group.
• Trekking with a Trekking company


  Most companies that specialize in organizing trekking activity cater to both individuals and or group style of trekking.
• Dangers in Trekking


  • Altitude sickness
  • Falling/Sliding
  • Heat stroke
  • Wild animals