Topic 1 (states of matter)

• Soluble - A substance that can be dissolved
• Solvent - able to dissolve other substances
• Solution - a mixture of two or more substances
• Saturated Solution - a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
• When a solid melts it turns into a liquid
• when a liquid freezes it turns into a solid
• when a solid sublimates it turns into a gas
• when a liquid evaporates it turns into a gas
• when a gas condenses it turns into a liquid
• when a gas deposites it turns into a solid
• in liquids the particles are still close together but they can move past one another
• the particles in solids are close together, vibrating but not moving around much
• In gases the particles have lots of space between them so they move quickly and randomly
• All nitrates are soluble
• Common Chlorides are soluble except silver chloride and lead(II) chloride
• Common sulfates are soluble except barium, lead(II), and calcium sulfate
• Common carbonates are insoluble except sodium, potassium, and ammonium
• common hydroxides are insoluble except sodium, potassium, and calcium hydroxide
• Common sodium, potassium, and calcium compounds are soluble