Biology

• Cell wall


  rigid structure around plant cells made of cellulose and strengthens the cell
• Mitochondria


  Site of aerobic cellular respiration in a cell
• Osmosis


  The diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution down a concentration gradient
• what does amylase do? breaks down starch into glucose
• Protease

  Enzymes that speed up the breakdown of protien into amino acids
• Coronary artery


  Supplies oxygenated blood to heart muscles
• Mitosis stage’s chromosomes condense then line up at the centre of the cell.then pulled to opposite poles of the cell by spindle fibres chromosomes then form two new nuclei called daughter cells
• What do we call the movement of cell sap (a mixture of sugar and water) up and down the plant? translocation
• Phloem cells have pores in their end walls to allow cell sap to pass along the phloem tube. 
• Xylem transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves. called transpiration
• How do root hair cells absorb water from the soil? Osmosis
• How do root hair cells absorb mineral ions from the soil? Active transport
• What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO2 + 6H2O ➔ C6H12O6 + 6O2
• Which organs in the body produce protease enzymes


  Stomach pancreas small intestine
• Give 3 diseases that could be treated with stem cells, and state which type of cells would need to be replaced in each case.

  1. Sickle cell anaemia - replace the faulty red blood cells.
  2. Paralysis - replace the faulty nerve cells.
  3. Type 1 diabetes - replace the faulty pancreatic cells
• Role of vitamin A


  It is important in maintaining good vision, healthy hair and healthy skin.
• What can the ethanol produced by anaerobic respiration be used for?

  Making alcoholic drinks