Physical Chemistry

• what does the 0th law define?

  temperature
• what does the 1st law define?

  define Energy
• what does the second law define?

  Entropy
• what does the 3rd law define?


  Gives numerical value the entropy
• What does bulk matter consists of ?

  Large number of atoms, molecules or ions. Its physical state may be a solid, liquid or gas
• How to describe a system?

  • homogenous or heterogeneous
  • equilibrium state
  • number of components
• what is a system?


  The part of the universe we choose to study
• what is a surroundings?

  the rest of the universe
• what is a boundary?

  The surface dividing the system from the surroundings
• what are the 2 class of properties?

  • Extensive
  • intensive
• what is an extensive properity?


  Depends on the size of the system
• What is an intensive property?

  independent of the size of the system
• Examples of extensive properties:

  • number of moles
  • mass
  • volume
• examples of intensive properties:

  • temperture
  • pressure
• how to calculate pressure?

  Force/area
• what os atmospheric pressure?


  101.325 kPa

  1 atm

  760 mm Hg

  760 torr

  14.7 psi
• What is Boyles law?

  At constant temperature, the volume of a a fixed amount of gas is inversely proportional to pressure
• What is Charles law?

  • At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed amount of gas is proportional to the temperature.
  • And at constant volume the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is proportional to the temperature
• what is the ideal gas equation?

  PV=nRT
• in the ideal gas equation what are the units used?

  • pressure = Pa (Jm-3)
  • mole (n) = moles
  • gas constant = JK-1mol-1
  • Temperature = K
  • Volume = m^3
• how to change bar to pa?

  x 10^5
• What is law of partial?


  The total pressure of a mixture of a gases is the sum of the partial pressure of its components