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Paper 2
Approaches in psychology
Psychodynamic approach
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Cards (19)
Who developed the
psychodynamic
approach?
Sigmund
Freud
What are the 3 levels of consciousness?
The
conscious
, the
preconscious
and the
unconscious
What is the
consciousness
?
Mental activity and what we are
aware
of, e.g thoughts and perceptions
What is the
preconsciousness
?
Memories
that we can
recall
when and if we tried to
What is the
unconsciousness
?
Thoughts
that have been
oppressed
and can only be accessed via
psychoanalysis
What is the
ID
?
The
instinctive
part which is based on the basic animal personality
What is the
ego
?
The
rational
part that
mediates
between the
superego
and the
ID
What is the
superego
?
The
moral
aspect of personality that
dictates
our
beliefs
What are the stages of the
defence
mechanism
?
Repression
,
denial
,
projection
and
displacement
What is
denial
?
A form of self-protection where a person
refuses
to
accept
that the event has occurred
What is
projection
?
Attributing our own
unpredictable
desires and
impulses
onto someone else
What is
repression
?
Occurs when the
ego
stops
unwanted
thoughts
from becoming
conscious
What is displacement?
Redirecting
negative impulses onto a relatively safe target
What are the
psychodynamic
stages?
Oral
,
anal
,
phallic
,
latent
and
genital
What is the
oral
stage?
Occurs during
0-2
years and includes
sucking
behaviour
What is the
anal
stage?
Occurs during
2-3
years which includes
toilet
training and is the beginning of
ego
development
What is the
phallic
stage?
Occurs during
3-7
years and involves
genital
fixation
, this is where the
Oedipus
and
Electra
conflict occurs
What is the
latent
stage?
Occurs during
7-12
years where
sexual
urges are
repressed
What is the
genital
stage?
Occurs from
12
years where the
sexual
urges are
awakened
and
adulthood
starts