Eukaryotic cells

• Eukaryotes


  One of the two categories that all living organisms can be divided into
• Eukaryotic organisms


  • Animals
  • Plants
  • Fungi
• Prokaryotes


  The other category that all living organisms can be divided into
• Prokaryotic organisms


  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
• Eukaryotic cells


  • DNA is contained in a membrane-bound nucleus
  • DNA is tightly wrapped around proteins called histones to form chromosomes
  • DNA is a linear molecule (not a loop)
  • Contain membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
  • Contain non-membrane-bound organelles like ribosomes
• Membrane-bound


  Surrounded by a membrane
• Linear DNA


  DNA molecule in a chromosome has ends that are not joined together to form a loop
• Ribosomes


  Organelles involved in protein synthesis, larger in eukaryotic cells than in prokaryotic cells
• Cell surface membrane


  Surrounds eukaryotic cells and helps control what can pass in and out
• Plant and fungal cells


  • Have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane
  • Plant cell wall is made of cellulose
  • Fungal cell wall is made of chitin
• Animal cells do not have a cell wall