Hyde

• "Trampled calmly" - Ch 1

  • juxtaposes his lack of remorse with his aggressive actions In this oxymoron
  • we get the sense he enjoys the trampling as it evokes peacefulness and he doesn't seem distressed by the damage he's caused
  • verb (trampled)
  • adverb (calmly) - emphasises brutality and his malevolent, remorseless and inhumane nature, in addition to his lack of remorse
  • devoid of all morality or feelings of guilt - most don't feel "calm" whilst inflicting harm
  • opposes to Victorian gentleman values
• "it wasn't like a man; it was like some damned juggernaut" - Ch 1

  • parallel rhythm - completely changes, there's no longer any human left in him
  • adjective (damned) - destined for hell
  • his victims were venerable and defenceless - Hyde could be seen as cowardly
  • noun (juggernaut) - a huge, unstoppable, powerful force
  • simile
  • juxtaposes to previous descriptions of "dwarfish" - odd, unnatural so there's possible hints of supernatural
• "something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable" - Ch 1

  • repetition of indefinite pronoun (something) - emphasises that its not obvious and is confusing
  • physiognomy - one could identify a criminal by physical appearance
  • triplet - Undefying and strange
  • adjective (detestable) - shows amorality
  • shows he's evil as in the victorian era, your outward appearance would reflect upon your inner morality
• "a loathing to my gentleman at first sight" - Ch 1

  • Enfield
  • physiognomy
  • noun (loathing) - hatred
  • first sight - Hydes essence and aura is unpleasant and causes everyone to have a physical reaction to seeing it
• "Sawbones, turn sick and white with desire to kill him" - Ch 1

  • adjectives (sick) (white) - faint, as if you've seen a ghost, could potentially link to the supernatural
  • doctors see things like this all the time, but this reaction shows how unnatural he is - exemplifies his deformity
  • doctors take an oath not to kill but sawbones has the deepest and desire to kill Hyde
• "snarled aloud" - Ch 2

  • uncivilised, doesn't follow strict morals like everyone else
  • verb (snarled) - aggressive
  • links to Darwins theory of evolution and the anxieties the contemporary audience feels that humans haven't fully evolved
  • animalistic imagery
• "Mr Hyde shrank back with a hissing intake of the breath" Ch 2

  • verb (hissing) - animalistic imagery with connotations of a snake which are seen as evil and sinister creatures
  • links to Darwins theory of evolution and the anxieties the contemporary audience feels that humans haven't fully evolved
  • snake - sneaky, ruthless and vicious - often associated with the devil + Adam and Eve
• "Pale and dwarfish" - Ch 2

  • adjective (pale) - ghostly, supernatural
  • adjective (dwarfish) - unevolved , malformed
  • opposes to Jekyll who's a "large, well made" man
  • physiognomy
  • victorian belief that your outer appearance mirrored your inner morality - Hyde is amoral and evil
• "murderous mixture of timidity and boldness" - Ch 2

  • hyperbolic alliteration
  • foreshadows Ch 4 - Carew's murder
  • adjectives - oxymoron - impossible, unnatural
  • emphasis the blurring of his boundaries, rejection of the usual rules and the duality of Mr Hyde
• "hardly human!" - Ch 2

  • alliteration - inhumane, dehumanising and disturbing
  • exclamation - emphasises shock
• "troglodytic" - Ch 2

  • adjective - cave dweller, unevolved (Darwins theory of evolution)
  • primitive, animalistic, prehistoric
• "Satans signature upon a face" - Ch 2

  • sibilance
  • metaphor - evil sinister
  • noun (satan) - religious analogy - he's evoking fear through Hydes appearance, using a pious nature of the intended Victorian audience to establish the character as truly evil
• "he broke out in a great flame of anger" - Ch 4

  • noun (flame) - connotations to hell
  • metaphor - symbolise this anger as inhumane, indestructible force of nature, emphasising his volatile personality
  • phrasal verb (broke out) - don't conform to societal norms
• "ape-like fury" - Ch 4

  • simile
  • noun (ape) - animalistic imagery, regression to primitive state where instinctual desire are unchecked, likes to Darwins theory of evolution (hyde is unevolved) and taps into contemporary audiences fears/ anxieties that mankind isn't fully 'evolved'
• "like a madman" - Ch 4

  • simile - loss of control
  • noun (madman) - crazy, out of is mind, behaves in a strange, uncontrolled and dangerous way
• "disreputable" "cruelty" "callous" "violent" "vile" "hatred" - Ch 6

  • emotive adjectives - all further present Hyde as evil and how he complexly opposes to Victorian gentlemen
• "That thing was not [...] that thing in the mask" - Ch 8

  • repetition of noun "thing" - dehumanises Hyde
  • noun "mask" - symbolises the dual nature of his existence of his inner feeling in contrast with his outer life. Dr Jekyll is hiding behind a mask of Hyde so he can express his true feelings of barbarity and immorality which he wishes to conceal to save his reputation which was highly valued to victorian gentleman
• "body of a self-destroyer" - Ch 8

  • noun (self-destroyer)
  • in Christianity, suicide is a sin, thus even when he ends his life he's still sinning and therefore would have been condemned to hell
  • shows how your cannot be evil and not be punished for it - you have to take responsibilities for your own actions
• "I had been safe of all mens respect, wealthy, beloved [...] and now I was the common quarry of mankind, hunted, houseless, a known murderer" - Ch 10

  • juxtaposition of the publics perception of Dr Jekyll and Hyde is satirical as they are ultimately the same person
• "malign and villainous" - Ch 10

  • Hyde has a separate evil - the adjective choice of "malign" suggests he's evil , while the adjective "villainous" suggests he has a criminal mentality and operates outside the laws of civilised society
• Stevenson creates a hyperbolic (over-exaggerated) physical manifestation of the dangers of repression through Hyde. He allows his reader to see their carefully constructed facade stripped bare through the character, revealing the savage lurking just beneath the surface of even the most respectable gentleman.
•  As Jekyll is microcosmic for Victorian gentleman, juxtaposing Hyde's depravity, it reveals the ambiguity (vague) and blurred lines between morality and immorality in Victorian society, as well as good and evil. This interconnection is used by Stevenson to satirise (mock) how this 'progressive' society is in reality founded on hypocrisy, duality and suffering.
• Stevenson's novella serves as a cautionary tale against the dangers of moral purification in Victorian society which denies natural impulses and desires due to favouring simplistic moral absolutes. He suggests that the attempt to deny or eradicate this inherent duality is not only futile (pointless) but also detrimental to the individual and society as a whole.