Engl 2024 Final Review

• The Call to Adventure


  The hero receives a call to leave his or her normal life and face adventure
• Refusal of the Call

  Often the hero will initially reject the call to adventure due to the changes it would cause in his or her life
• Supernatural Aid


  A mentor will present the hero with one or more talismans or artifacts that will aid them later in their quest (light saber, invisible cloaks, etc.)
• The Crossing of the First Threshold


  The hero leaves the familiar behind and enters the unknown
• Belly of the Whale


  The hero willingly crosses the point of no return
• The Road of Trials


  This is a series of tests, tasks, or ordeals that the person must undergo to begin the transformation
• The Meeting with the Goddess


  The hero finds his or her true love or companion
• Temptation


  The hero is tempted to stray from his or her quest by some offer of personal gain
• Atonement with the Father


  The hero succeeds his or her master/father figure
• Apotheosis


  This stage is marked by the death or transition to a different plane of a major character (For Example: The death of Obi Wan in Star Wars: A New Hope)
• Ultimate Boon


  The hero reaches the final goal, gaining the final reward
• Refusal of the Return


  Holding the reward, the hero does not want to return to his or her old life
• The Magic Flight


  Escaping with the reward may not be simple, or the reward may hinder the act of returning
• Rescue from Without


  After the long ordeal of the quest or refusal to return, the hero may need to be rescued.
• Crossing of the Return Threshold


  The journey has changed the hero and he or she must learn to integrate this new knowledge with his or her old life
• Master of Two Worlds


  The hero accepts his or her new place in the world and the responsibility that comes with it. Often this is responsibility the hero initially feared
• Freedom to Live


  With the journey complete and the hero integrated back into the world, he or she is now free to live his or her life as he or she sees fit
• The structure map in order

  • pinch
  • inciting incident
  • complication
  • midpoint
  • complication
  • climax
  • twist/coda
• 5 steps to reading a poem

  1. read the entire poem2. define the hard words3. break the poem into chunks4. literal meaning5. metaphorical meaning
• left hand path


  creative heroic path of adventure, goes against social norms, living freely; personal bliss
• right hand path


  the regular path and in cohesion with societal norms (path that we are supposed to take) - more financially stable - path that is laid out in front of you - safe and secure
• cosmological function of literature

  informs us of who we are and where we come from, the origin story
• social function of literature


  informs us of the social masks we should wear, rules of society (tells us rules/morals of society)
• pedagogical function


  guides us through the crisis of life
• mystical function


  lets us know there is something bigger than us in the universe; plugs us into the ultimate mystery source
• what must a hero have to be a hero


  inciting incident, midpoint, climax
• What is an archetype?


  A pattern of plot points or character traits used to better understand a text.
• Who developed the concept of archetypes?

  Carl Yung
• What are the key characteristics of Drama?

  Happens in the performer's time, can only show you things, more visceral
• What are the key characteristics of Fiction?


  Happens in the reader's time, can show and tell you, more explicit
• thematic line


  telescoping out of the plot line. a generalization so that the plot line applies to as many people as possible

  • expression of the argument the single creative force (author) is trying to make
• truth line


  personal evaluation of the argument made in the theme line
• aristotle's three unities


  unity of action, unity of place, and unity of time
• Parameter


  specific objective plot point or character trait
• Queer Theory


  A critical theory that examines literature through the lens of homosexuality.concerned with the representation and the social function of literature.
• Gaze Theory


  The camera is not a neutral observer. It is a hetero-normative male observer, and therefore forces the audience to see the world/film/show from this same perspective.
• Deus Ex Machina


  an unexpected power or event saying seemingly hopeless situation. Ancient machine
• Chekov's gun


  Something shown to us in the beginning of the story that seems pointless but comes back to mean something in the end.
• Red Herring


  something purposely misleading in a story
• Episodic


  Each show returns us to the established status quo.