my grade nine rs

• WJEC Eduqas GCSE (9–1) Religious Studies is available as a Whiteboard eTextbook and Student eTextbook
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• All text and photo credits can be found on the back page of this title
• Every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked, the Publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity
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• ISBN: 978 1 4718 6634 0
• © Chris Owens, Ed Pawson, Joy White, Amanda Ridley 2016
• First published in 2016 by Hodder Education, An Hachette UK Company Carmelite House 50 Victoria Embankment London EC4Y 0DZ www.hoddereducation.co.uk
• Cover photo © Konradlew/iStock.com/Getty Images
• Illustrations by Aptara Inc. and Oxford Designers & Illustrators
• Typeset in India
• Printed in Italy
• A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library
• Family


  The foundation for all human activity, where all human relationships begin and are developed. The place where the norms and values of society are lived out in practice and a new generation of children are brought up into adulthood.
• Rabbi Menachem Schneerson: 'The home should be perceived as a microcosm of the universe: The harmony that permeates the home and the family extends beyond, fostering harmony between families, communities, and ultimately the nations of the world. In the absence of harmony between one's own family, we can hardly expect to find harmony between strangers.'
• Microcosm of the universe


  A representation of the universe in miniature
• Types of family


  • Nuclear family
  • Extended family
  • Reconstituted family
  • Single parent family
  • Childless family
• Nuclear family


  Consists of two parents and one or more child(ren) all living in the same house
• Extended family


  Consists of a number of adults and children who are related living in the same home
• Reconstituted family


  Made up of a mix of step-parents and step-children
• Single parent family


  Where one parent raises one or more children alone
• Childless family


  Where a married or co-habiting couple are either unable to have children naturally or decide not to have children
• Roles


  Position, status or function of a person in society, as well as the characteristics and social behaviour expected of them
• Responsibilities


  Actions/duties you are expected to carry out
• Family roles and responsibilities


  • Caring for children
  • Caring for other family members
  • Maintaining the family home
  • Earning money to support the family
• Both women and men aim to provide love, comfort, protection and support for each other and for any children. Both have a role to play in the education of children to become responsible adults and future parents. They should show mutual support of each other. Men and women are both important role models for children.
• Patriarchal


  The opposite of matriarchal, where the family or society is controlled by men
• Hadith Sahih Bukhari 9:89:252: 'God's Apostle said, "Surely! Everyone of you is a guardian and is responsible for his charges: The Imam [ruler] of the people is a guardian and is responsible for his subjects; a man is the guardian of his family [household] and is responsible for his subjects; a woman is the guardian of her husband's home and of his children and is responsible for them; and the slave of a man is a guardian of his master's property and is responsible for it. Surely, everyone of you is a guardian and responsible for his charges."'
• The last sentence, however, could be used to support a more modern view in which both parents are responsible for the children in a family.
• Men are in charge of the family unit, with women referred to as their 'subjects'. Women are responsible for the home and children
• The last sentence, however, could be used to support a more modern view in which both parents are responsible for the children in a family
• Patriarchal


  A family or society controlled by men
• Matriarchal


  A family or society controlled by women
• These traditional views are changing, and women and men are now often regarded as much more of a partnership in family life with shared responsibilities
• It is now much more common for women to go on working when they get married and have a family, and increasing numbers of men are taking on the role of 'house-husband' while their wives or partners go out to work
• In 2014 the Office for National Statistics reported that the number of 'stay at home' dads has doubled since 1993, with over 229,000 fathers staying at home to look after their children