Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and waste products around the body.
Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Veins carry blood towards the heart
The main function of the circulatory system is to transport substances around the body
The heart is made up of four chambers; two atria (top) and two ventricles (bottom).
The right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The left side of the heart then pumps this oxygenated blood out to the rest of the body.
The circulatory system is made up of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries
Factors increasing effectiveness of gaseous exchange
ventilation (animals)
large surface area
efficient blood supply
thin membrane ( short diffusion pathway)
Active transport =
the movement of particles from a lower concentration to a higher concentration against the concentration gradient using energy from respiration
Active transport examples
Minerals in soil into plants
glucose in the gut into blood
Eukaryotic cells
Membrane bound
Nucleus with genetic information
Larger and more complex
(animal and plant cells )
Prokaryotic cells
Smaller less complex
single loop of DNA not in a nucleus
Plasmid ->
Circular loop of DNA
Cytoplasm ->
Fluid component, where most chemical reactions occur
