PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN SEXUALITY

• Sexual selfhood – how one thinks about himself or herself as a sexual individual.
• "penis" is the symbol of fertility and the male body was greatly admired
• “gyne” –bearer of children
• HISTORICAL - Ancient Greece, only function is to bear children
• Historical - Women have no legal and political rights, not even allowed to read and write.
• THE MIDDLE AGES -  influenced by the church especially “sexuality”
•  Church decree - all sexual acts which do not lead to procreation is evil
• women were labelled as “temptress” or “of virtue”
• The Protestant Reformation - sexuality is a natural part of life and that priests should be allowed to marry and have families
• The Protestant Reformation - Martin Luther and others started a movement
• The Protestant Reformation - sexual intimacy is to strengthen the bond between husband and wife and not just for procreation.
• Puritans - discontented with the Church of England
• 17TH AND 18TH CENTURY - premarital sex was considered immoral
• 17TH AND 18TH CENTURY - Puritans rallied for religious, moral, and social reformation
• VICTORIAN ERA - homosexuality and prostitution were rampant
• Victorian Era - ejaculating more than once a month can weaken a man, masturbation leads to blindness, insanity, and death.
• Masturbation leads to:

  • blindness
  • insanity
  • death
• Victorian Era - sex was a marital duty (pure)
• 20TH CENTURY - separation between the church and state reduced the influence of the church over sexual matters and morals
• 20TH CENTURY - pregnancy was controlled by natural and artificial contraception
• 20TH CENTURY - increased incidence of sexually transmitted diseases because of risky sexual activities.
• 20th Century - rise of feminism (employment, home life)
• 20th Century - overtime, it led to today’s view of what is considered sexually normal.
• BIOLOGICAL - it is the brain that initializes and organizes sexual behavior.
• Biological - starts with the body being prepared
• What characteristics is this?

  Secondary characteristics

  
• What characteristics is this ?

  Primary characteristics

  
• Biological - reproductive organs are being prepared for functional maturity
• chromosomes - threadlike structures composed of genes
• 22 pairs are called autosomes

  23rd pair (sex chromosomes) determines the sex
• Natural selection - the process by which organisms that are best suited for their environment are most likely to survive.
• SOCIOBIOLOGICAL - traits that lead to reproductive advantage tend to be passed on and maladaptive traits are lost.
• SOCIOBIOLOGICAL - beauty is more than just a cultural standard. It is an evolutionary standard used to attract best male or best female.
• Women with big breasts – produce more milk and ensures offspring’s survival.
• Men with broad shoulders and muscles – ensure safety and security for offspring
• Survival - is the goal of evolutionary perspective but what’s important is the love, care and responsibility each gender has for each other.
• PSYCHOLOGICAL - sexuality involves emotions
• Freud’s sex instinct - pleasure principle of the ID, EGO, SUPEREGO
• Erogenous zones – areas of pleasure in the body
• 5 psychosexual stages of development:

  ● Oral – eating, sucking

  ● Anal – urinating, defecating

  ● Phallic – sexual attraction towards opposite sex parent

  ● Latency – sexual impulses become dormant, preoccupied with social activities

  ● Genital – sexual attraction to others