Carbohydrates

• What is the simplest group of carbohydrates?

  Monosaccharides
• How are monosaccharides sub-classified

  according to the number of carbon atoms in their unit chains
• What are the carbonyl group present in carbohydrates

  aldose and ketose
• What are the few classes of carbohydrates that have a special biological importance

  glucose, fructose, galactose
• Also known as dextrose or grape sugar 


  glucose
• Also called as levulose 


  fructose
• Is a normal constituent of the blood and tissue fluids of the human body

  glucose
• Also called as the brain sugar 


  galactose
• Where is the galactose found in the brain

  cerebroside and ganglioside
• ________ and ________ are constituents of nucleic acids and are also present in osme enzymes

  ribose and deoxyribose
• _________ are related to the oxidation and/or reduction products are involved in the oxidation and synthesis mechanism in the body

  Trioses
• ___________ a furfural derivative giving the purple color and a basis of the molisch‘s test

  alpha napthol
• Why is sucrose non-reducing sugar

  because both rings of glucose and fructose are

  in the acetal or ketal form. So they cannot be in equilibrium with their aldehyde forms.
• What is the purpose of Mucic Test

  Test the presence of galactose
• What is the purpose of Molisch test 


  Presence of Carbohydrates
• What is the purpose of Fehling’s Test

  reducing sugar of aldose and ketose
• What is the purpose of Barfoed’s

  monosaccharide
• What is the purpose of Seliwanoff

  Ketose
• What is the purpose of Bial’s Orcinol 


  Differenceof pentose and hexoses
• What is the purpose of Iodine test

  starch
• What is the purpose of Picric acid test

  reducing sugars vs. non reducing sugars
• What is the purpose of Tollen’s test

  aldehyde
• What is the positive result of mucic test

  crystal present
• What is the positive result of Molisch

  purple ring
• What is the positive result of Fehling’s 


  Red percipitate
• What is the meaning of blue in fehlings

  ketone
• What is the positive result of Barfoed

  red percipitate
• What is the positive result of Seliwanoff 


  Red
• What is the positive result of Bial’s orcinol

  blue green
• What does blue-green color mean in bial’s orcinol

  pentose
• What colors indicate the hexose in bial’s orcinol 


  Muddy brown
• What is the positive result of Iodine

  Blue-black
• What is the positive result of picric

  red
• What is the positive result of Tollen’s test

  Dark grey