Gen Chem (finals)

• The elements in the modern periodic table are arranged according to their _

  atomic number
• Who proposed the first atomic view of matter?

  Democritus
• The ancient Greeks believed that matter was composed of four basic elements, what are those elements?

  Fire, water, air, earth
• The word atom is derived from a Greek word, atomos which means indivisible
• Neils Bohr proposed that matter was made of indivisible and indestructible particles surrounded by empty space
• The neutron has a relative mass with proton but with no electrical charges
• electrons has the smallest mass
• Joseph John Thomson developed the theory that an atom resembles a plum pudding or a raisin bread
• The gold foil experiment by Ernest Rutherford resulted in the discovery of the nuclear model of the atom
• The correct order of discovery from earliest to latest

  Cathode rays, plum pudding model, nuclear model, quantum model
• Based on Neil Bohr's planetary model, the behavior of the energy observed in atoms is quantized.
• Joseph John Thomson discovered the existence of electrons
• The mass in grams of electrons is 9.1109x10^-28
• Through the cathode ray tube experiment by JJT he proved that the cathode rays were streams or beams of electrons
• In Rutherford's gold foil experiment he concluded that the atom is made up of mostly empty space.
• Ions are atoms with net electric charge
• Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
• What did Joseph John Thomson discover that led him to win a noble prize for physics in 1906?

  He discovered electrons
• The atomic mass of an element is equal to its?

  Number of protons and neutrons
• in the cathode ray tube experiment by JJT, cathode rays were identified as what?

  electrons
• An atom is a positive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negative charges
• The conclusion of the gold foil experiment was that an atom is mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus.
• James Chadwick discovered the neutron through the beryllium foil experiment
• Protons and neutrons have approximately the same size and mass
• All isotopes of an element have different number of neutrons
• Ionic bonding involves the process of transferring electrons
• Protium is the most common isotope of hydrogen and most abundant in nature which is usually involved in the hydrogenation of materials.
• The empirical formula of chemical compounds shows the simplest whole number of atoms of the elements in one molecule of a specific compound.
• Deutrium has heavy hydrogen because it is more passive than protium and is used to form "heavy water" which is denser than ordinary water.
• Tritium - Is present in nuclear reactions as a waste product and is used as fuel in some nuclear reactions.
• Molecules - a combination of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded.
• Atoms in a molecule can be from the same element or from two or more different elements.
• Ions - are atoms or molecules that have a charge
• Cation - is a positively charged ion.
• Anion - is a negatively charged ion