MLSHAPPL: Visual and Ocular Movements

• Visual Acuity


  Sharpness of vision by reading a letter from a distance
• Snellen Test


  Test for visual acuity
• Color perception


  Ability to see colors, assessed by the ability to recognize numbers or lines
• Visual Fields


  Area a person can see in a fixed position
• Reflexes


  Involuntary autonomic response of the pupil to light
• Fundoscopy


  Using ophthalmoscope to allow direct visualization of damage to the retina or retinal vessels, optic nerve and other eye pathologies
• Eye movements


  Caused by contraction of the extraocular muscles (extrinsic eye muscles)
• CN III - Oculomotor


  • Medial Rectus - medially
  • Inferior Rectus - downward/medial
  • Inferior Oblique - upward/lateral
  • Superior Rectus - upward/medial
• CN IV - Trochlear


  Superior Oblique - downward/lateral
• CN VI - Abducens


  Lateral Rectus - rotate laterally
• CN III - Oculomotor


  Sphincter - pupillary constriction
• Sympathetic


  Dilator - pupillary dilation
• Parasympathetic via Oculomotor


  Ciliary - controls shape of lens
• Label the movement

  A) Elevation

  B) Adduction

  C) Abduction

  D) Depression