arguments

• arguments - backed by reasons that are supported by evidence.
• argumentation - social process of two or more people making arguments.
• the 4 elements of an argument are:

  claim, counterclaim, reason, evidence
• claim - the main argument
• counterclaim - opposite of claim/negating the claim
• reason - tells why a claim is made
• evidence - facts or research to support the claim and reason
• there are 3 types of claims, which are:

  claims of fact, claims of value, claims of policy
• claims of fact - attempt to establish that something is or is not the case
• claims of value - attempt to establish the overall worth, merit, importance of something
• claims of policy - attempt to reinforce, change a course of action
• counterclaim - oppposite of the claim, sometimes called the counterargument