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• Research follows a step-by-step process of investigation that uses standardized approach to answer questions or solving problems
• Research plays an important role in tertiary education. Though there are many problems confronted by higher education, developments are realized through research. After all its main purpose is to answer a question or to solve an issue
• Research is a continuous undertaking of making known the unknown. It entails an investigation of new facts leading to the discovery of new ideas, methods, or improvements. It is an attempt to widen one's outlook in life. It always proceeds from the known to the unknown. Thus, the end of research is to arrive at a new truth
• Research is an investigation following ordered steps leading to a discovery of new information or concepts
• Research is a very careful investigation of something that purports the contribution of additional or new knowledge and wisdom
• Research is a tested approach of thinking and employing validated instruments and steps in order to obtain a more adequate solution to a problem that is otherwise impossible to address under ordinary means
• Research is important to gather necessary information, to make changes, to improve standard of living, to have a safer life, to know the truth, to explore our history, and to understand the arts
• Empirical

  Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher
• Logical


  Research is based on valid procedures and principles
• Cyclical


  Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with a problem
• Analytical

  Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, and experimental and case study
• Critical


  Research exhibits careful and precise judgment
• Methodical


  Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic method and procedures
• Replicability


  The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results
• Intellectual Curiosity


  • A researcher undertakes a deep thinking and inquiry of the things and situations around him
• Prudence


  • The researcher is careful to conduct his research study at the right time and at the right place wisely, efficiently, and economically
• Healthy Criticism


  • The researcher is always doubtful as to the truthfulness of the results
• Intellectual Honesty


  • An intelligent researcher is honest to collect or gather data or facts in order to arrive at honest results
• Intellectual Creativity


  • A productive and resourceful investigator always creates new researches
• The Research Process


  1. Define the Research Problem

  2. Review the Literature

  3. Formulate the Hypothesis

  4. Design Research

  5. Collect Data

  6. Analyze Data

  7. Interpret and Report
• Hypothesis


  A clear statement of what is intended to be investigated
• Research Design


  The overall strategy that you choose to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively address the research problem

  
• Data Analysis


  Plays an important role in the achievement of research aim and objectives
• Interpretation and Reporting


  Justifying why you think that research aims and objectives have been achieved, and sharing the results of your research
• Ethics of Research


  • Honesty
  • Objectivity
  • Integrity
  • Carefulness
  • Openness
  • Respect for Intellectual Property
  • Confidentiality
  • Responsible Publication
  • Responsible Mentoring
  • Social Responsibility
  • Non-Discrimination
  • Competence
  • Legality
  • Animal Care
  • Human Subjects Protection
• Fabrication


  Making up data or results and recording or reporting them
• Falsification


  Manipulating research materials, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record
• Plagiarism


  The appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit
• The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines or R.A. 8293 contains provisions regarding published works and copyright ownership
• Published works means works which, with the consent of the authors, are made available to the public in such a way that these works can be sourced from a place and time individually chosen by them
• Quantitative research seeks to confirm a hypothesis about some phenomena – What? and How many?

  
• Qualitative research is a systematic subjective approach to describe life experiences and give them meaning
• Quantitative research is highly structured and uses statistical tools to gather and interpret data

  
• Qualitative research seeks to explore, explain and understand some phenomena – What? and Why?
• Quantitative research asks close ended questions and examine cause and effect relationships

  
• Holistic


  Relating to or concerned with wholes or with complete systems rather than with the analysis of, treatment of, or dissection into parts
• Statistical


  Relating to the use of statistics
• Hypothesis


  A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
• Deductive


  Proceeding from the general to the particular or from premises to a logically valid conclusion
• Image A follows the qualitative design because, it seeks to explore, explain and understand some phenomena – What? and Why?