Earthquake - A sudden shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy
The Earth has 12 tectonic plates
TectonicPlates are the reason why we have earthquakes, tsunamis, etc
Epicenter - is the point in the surface of the Earth locate directly above the center of an earthquakes origin
Hypocenter/Focus - Is the point on the earth's crust where an earthquake begins
Magnitude - How big or small the earthquake was
Tectonic Earthquake - Occurs when the plates move against each other.
Seismograph - A device that measures seismic waves from earthquakes
Volcanic Earthquake - Occur when magma moves beneath the ground
Artificial Earthquake - Caused by human activity such as mining, drilling, blasting, construction, etc.
Ring of Fire or Circum-PacificBelt - the worlds destructive seismic events of earthquakes and 75% of the Earth seismic energy are produced in this Region
Intensity - Measurement of how strongly an earthquake is felt at different locations
PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
RichterMagnitudeScale - used to describe the strength of an Earthquake based on the height of the wave measured in the seismograph
ModifiedMercalliScale - measures the shaking (intensity) of an earthquake
the ModifiedMercalliScale was invented by an Italian Scientist, GiuseppeMercalli, in 1902
Volcano - A mountain shaped crater that is formed when magma rises through the Earth's crust.
crater - the opening of a volcano
volcanicvent - the place at the Earths surface where lava flows; pyroplastic materials and fragmented rocks are erupted
Pyroplastic Materials - these consists of lava, ashes, volcanic gases and rocks
explosive volcano - a volcano that erupts explosively and produces a large amount of ash and gas
non-explosivevolcano eruption - lava just flows out of the crater and gaps pf the volcano.
active volcano - a volcano that is currently erupting or has recently erupted
dormant volcano - a volcano that has not erupted in a long time, it's also called "Sleeping Volcano"
extinct volcano - a volcano that has been erupted and is no longer active
seasons - is a subdivision of the year, marked by changes in the weather, ecology, and hours of daylight
wet season
takes place from June-Nov
bring flood, frequent rainfall
Hanging Habagat (South-West Moonsoon)
warm and moist air
heavier and stronger typhoon
Weather - condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time
Climate - weather pattern over a long period of time
preciption - is the highest in the area where the south west moonsoon strikes
South West Moonsoon (Hanging Habagat) - warm moist winds from the southwest causing rains over the western portion of the country from June to November
Northwest Moonsoon (Amihan) - cold winds from the Northeast that bring rains over the eastern side of the country
Dry Season
takes place during Dec-May
infrequent rainfall, dusty soil
insufficient water supply
Hanging Amihan (Northeast Moonsoon)
cool and dry air
Earths Rotation - the movement of the Earth on its axis
The period of one complete rotation is defined as a day and takes 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 1.2 seconds
Earths Revolution - is the movement of the Earth around the Sun
The Earth revolves around the Sun in a Counter-Clockwise direction
it takes the Earth a year or 365 and 1/4 days to revolve around the Sun
to keep the calendar in sync with the revolution of the Earth, a leap year is used in every four years; a leap year is a year with 366 days. February29 is added on the calendar