L2: Speech Writing

• Speech Writing


  It is the method of conveying a thought or message to a reader using the correct punctuation and expression.
• The Process of Speech Writing


  1. Conducting an audience analysis
  2. Determining the purpose of the speech
  3. Selecting a topic
  4. Narrowing down a topic
  5. Gathering data
  6. Selecting a speech pattern
  7. Preparing an outline
  8. Create the body of the speech
  9. Preparing the introduction
  10. Preparing the conclusion
  11. Editing or Revising
  12. Rehearsing
• The Principles of Speech Writing


  1. Choosing the topic
  2. Analyzing the audience
  3. Sourcing the information
  4. Outlining and Organizing the Information
  5. Grammar correctness
  6. Word choice
  7. Duration
• Choosing the topic

  Topic is your focal point of your speech, which can be

  determined once you have decided on your purpose.
• Choosing the topic

  There are strategies in selecting a topic: using your personal experiences, discussing with your family members or friends, free writing, listing, asking questions, and semantic webbing.
• In choosing the topic, you have to know your purpose.
• Informative speech


  Its purpose is to provide a clear understanding of the concept or idea presented by the speaker.
• Entertainment speech


  Its purpose is to provide the audience with amusement.
• Persuasive speech


  Its purpose is to provide the audience with well-argued ideas that can influence their own beliefs and decisions.
• Choosing the topic


  Narrowing down a topic means making your main idea more specific and focused.
• Choosing the topic

  Writing patterns are structures that will help you organize the ideas related to your topic.
• Identify what writing pattern is used.

  A) Biographical

  
• Identify what writing pattern is used.

  A) Categorical

  B) Topical

  
• Identify what writing pattern is used.

  A) Causal

  
• Identify what writing pattern is being used.

  A) Chronological

  
• Identify what writing pattern is used.

  A) Comparison

  B) Contrast

  
• Identify what writing pattern is used.

  A) Problem-solution

  
• In audience analysis, you need to know three (3) things: Demography, Situation, and Psychology.
• Analyzing the audience:

  Demography refers to age range, male-female ratio, educational background and affiliations or degree program taken, nationality, economic status, academic or corporate designation.
• Analyzing the audience

  Situation includes time, venue, occasion and size.
• Analyzing the audience

  Psychology refers to values, beliefs, attitudes, preferences, cultural and racial ideologies and need.
• Sourcing the information


  Data gathering is the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references relevant or related to your specific topic.
• Sourcing the information

  Data gathering can be done by visiting the library, browsing the web, observing a certain phenomenon or event related to your topic, or conducting an interview or survey.
• The data that you will gather will be very useful in making-your speech informative, entertaining, or persuasive.
• Outline and Organizing the Information

  Outline is a hierarchical list that shows the relationship of your ideas.
• Experts in public speaking state that once your outline is ready,

  two-thirds of your speech writing is finished.
• A good outline helps you see that all the ideas are in line with your main idea or message. The elements of an outline include introduction, body, and conclusion.
• Elements of Outline

  Introduction is the foundation of speech.
• Elements of Outline

  Introduction

  • Use real-life or practical examples and explain their connection to your subject.
  • Start with a very strong quote and explain what it means.
  • Use facts and statistics and highlight their importance to your subject.
  • Tell a personal story to illustrate your point.
• Elements of Outline

  Body of the Speech

  • provides explanation, examples, or any details that can help you deliver your purpose and explain the main idea of your speech
  • should only have one central idea.
• Elements of Outline

  Conclusion

  • restates the main idea of your speech
  • provides a summary, emphasizes the message and calls for action
  • leaves the audience with a statement that they cannot forget.
• Identify the outline.

  A) Purpose

  B) Specific purpose

  C) Topic

  D) Pattern

  E) Introduction

  F) Body

  G) Conclusion

  
• Grammar correctness


  Correct spelling: do the proofreading

  Correct punctuation: comma is one of the punctuation

  marks that is most commonly misused.

  • Use a comma to separate three or more items in a series.
  • Use a comma to separate two complete sentences if there is a conjunction between the sentences.
  • Use a comma to set off extra information
• Grammar correctness

  Correct grammar:

  • Grammatical mistakes can confuse the readers.
  • A sentence should have a subject, verb and complete thought.
  • The subject in the sentence should agree with the verb in number.
• Word choice

  • a person's choice or selection of words.
  • These are words that you use on the characteristics of your audience.
  • Your words should be easily understood by your target listeners.
  • Use simple words, be concise and avoid bias and offensive language.
• Duration

  • Manage your time well.
  • Make sure that the speech falls under the time limit
• Keep your words short and simple. Your speech is meant to be heard by your audience, not read.
• Avoid jargon, acronyms, or technical words because they can confuse your audience.
• Make your speech more personal. Use the personal pronoun "I" but take care not to overuse it. When you need to emphasize collectiveness with your audience, use the personal pronoun "we".
• Use active verbs and contractions because they add personal and conversational tone of your speech.