UCSP

• Culture – is not a matter of race. It is learned, not carried in our genes.
• Enculturation – is a process by which an individual learns the traditional content of a culture and assimilates its practice.
• Socialization – is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society.
• TWO TYPES OF SOCIALIZATION

  • Primary Socialization
  • Secondary Socialization
• Primary Socialization – molding members to the rules of the group
• Secondary Socialization – uses primary socialization to use it for managing the rules of society for their advantage.
• Agents of Socialization – are the various social groups or social institutions that play a significant role in introducing and intergrating the individual as an accepted and functioning member of society.
• Family – the first agent of socialization
• Institutional Agents – teach people to navigate social institutitutions.ex.school,work,church.
• Peer group – provide adolescents first major socialization experience outside the realm of their families.
• Church – teaches participants how to interact with the religions material culture ( a prayer or a communion water).
• Mass Media – distribute impersonal information to a wide audience, via television, newspapers, radio.
• Norms – it serves as guides or models of behavior which tell us what is appropriate or innappropriate, right or wrong. It indicates a society’s standard of proriety, morality, ethics, and legality.
• Social Role – must be performed in connection with the expected behaviour to achieve social goals.
• Social Goals – goals with ultimately get you involve with some social work.
• Norm of Appropriateness – it can be observed through the type of clothing, manner, and behavior in greeting a person, as well as the use of appropriate words and gestures.
• Norm of Conventionality – it is the beliefs and practices that are acceptable to certain cultures but can be mimical to other cultures.
• Conformity – it is the compliance with standards, rules or laws. It involves the acceptance of the cultural goals and means of attaining those goals.
• Deviancy – it involves acceptance action or behavior that violates social norms
• TYPES OF DEVIANCY        

  • Formal Deviancy
  • Informal Deviancy
• Formal Deviancy – actions that violate enacted laws such as robbery, theft, graft, rape, and other forms of criminality.
• Informal Deviancy – violations to social norms that are not codified into law such as pricking one’s nose, belching loudly and spitting on the street among others.
• Positioning Theory – refers to the assignment of fluid “parts” or “roles” to speakers in a discursive constructions of personal stories that make a person’s action intelligible and relatively determinate as social acts.
• Identity – it designates a commonly recognized set of persons. The terms physician, school teacher, janitor, professional athlete, and criminal all refer to recognized sets of persons.
• Personal Identity – it refers to the social classification of an individual into a category of one.
• Social Organization – is a concept that social scientists have developed for the scientific study of society, culture, and personality.
• Social Organization – it also a process of bringing order and significance into human life.
• Social Structure – refers to the independent network of roles and hierarchy of statuses which define the reciprocal expectations and the power arrangement of members of the social unitguided by norms.
• Social Status – refers to a members positions or ranks in the hierarchy of power relations.
• Social Role – refers to sum total of behavior expectations and activities associated with a social position which a holder is supposed to cary out and perform.
• Social Function – is a component of social organization which refers to the results of actions that occur in relation to a particular structure and includes the results of the activities of individuals occupying statuses.
• Social Institution – society is composed of people assigned to perform a definite task and function in a social system called.
• Forms of Social Organizations

  • Social Groups
  • Cultural Institutions
  • Political Organizations
• Types of Social Groups Based on Structure

  • Primary
  • Secondary
• Primary - members interact spontaneously ex. family, church
• Secondary - members conduct themselves according to role expectation ex. officemates, committee)
• Types of Social Groups Based on Organization

  • Formal
  • Informal
• Types of Social Groups Based on Membership

  • Open
  • Close
• Types of Social Groups Based on Purpose

  • Interest
  • Pressure
  • Task Group
• Types of Social Groups Based on Perspective

  • In-group
  • Out-group
  • Minority
  • Reference