Agricultural Sector

Cards (11)

  • Agriculture
    The science and art of raising products of the soil (crops and animals) to satisfy human wants
  • Agricultural Production
    • Crop Production (food crops or commercial crops)
    • Livestock and Poultry Raising
    • Forestry
    • Fisheries (Commercial, municipal, aquaculture)
  • Importance of Agriculture
    • Source of food for the population
    • Chief source of raw materials for the industry
    • Source of foreign exchange
    • Source of livelihood and income for the people
    • Major contributor to national income and output
    • Major market for manufactured goods
  • Agrarian Reform
    Redistribution of lands, regardless of crops or fruits produced to farmers and regular farmworkers who are landless, irrespective of tenurial agreement
  • Agrarian Reform
    A catalyst for agricultural development
  • History of Agrarian Reform in the Philippines
    • Encomienda System (Spanish) - land redistributed to the encomenderos
    • Friar Land Act (American) - ecclesiastical encomiendas (friar lands) were bought by the American government to be sold to the tenants on installment basis
    • Commonwealth Act No. 178 (An Amendment to Rice Tenancy Act No. 4045) provided for certain controls in the landlord-tenant relationships
    • National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC)- established the price of rice and corn thereby help the poor tenants as well as consumers
    • Republic Act No. 34 -- Established the 70-30 sharing arrangements and regulating share-tenancy contracts
    • Republic Act No. 55 -- Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants
    • Executive Order No. 355 issued on October 23, 1950 -- Replaced the National Land Settlement Administration with Land Settlement Development Corporation (LASEDECO)
    • Republic Act No. 1160 of 1954 -- Abolished the LASEDECO and established the National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA)
    • Republic Act No. 1199 (Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954) -- governed the relationship between landowners and tenant farmers by organizing share-tenancy and leasehold system
    • Republic Act No. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) -- Created the Land Tenure Administration (LTA) which was responsible for the acquisition and distribution of large tenanted rice and corn lands
    • Republic Act No. 821 (Creation of Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration) -- Provided small farmers and share tenants loans with low interest rates of six to eight percent
    • Republic Act No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land Reform Code) -- Abolished share tenancy, institutionalized leasehold, set retention limit at 75 hectares, invested rights of preemption and redemption for tenant farmers
    • Proclamation No. 1081 on September 21, 1972 ushered the Period of the New Society. Five days after the proclamation of Martial Law, the entire country was proclaimed a land reform area and simultaneously the Agrarian Reform Program was decreed
    • Republic Act No. 6389, (Code of Agrarian Reform) and RA No. 6390 of 1971 -- Created the Department of Agrarian Reform and the Agrarian Reform Special Account Fund
    • Presidential Decree No. 2, September 26, 1972 -- Declared the country under land reform program
    • Presidential Decree No. 27, October 21, 1972 -- Restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands and set the retention limit at 7 hectares
    • Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) - signed into law by President Corazon C. Aquino on June 10, 1988
    • Executive Order No. 405, June 14, 1990 – Vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines the responsibility to determine land valuation and compensation for all lands covered by CARP
    • Executive Order No. 407, June 14, 1990 – Accelerated the acquisition and distribution of agricultural lands, pasture lands, fishponds, agro-forestry lands and other lands of the public domain suitable for agriculture
  • Problems in the Agribusiness According to the PDP 2023-2028
    • Low farm/labor productivity
    • Low access to credit and insurance, particularly among smallholder primary producers due to challenges emanating from both the demand and supply sides
    • Unsustainable farming practices and underutilized agro-forestry and blue economy potential
    • Weak export performance
    • Weak investments in the AFF sector
    • Inadequate infrastructure
    • Fragmentation of agricultural lands
    • High vulnerability to multidimensional shocks
  • Republic Act No. 6657 (CARP)

    AN ACT INSTITUTING A COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM TO PROMOTE SOCIAL JUSTICE AND INDUSTRIALIZATION, PROVIDING THE MECHANISM FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
  • Program for Unified Lending to Agriculture (PUNLA)

    A credit facility under the Agro-Industry Modernization Credit and Financing Program (AMCFP) that aims to address the financial needs of marginal farmers and fisherfolk for fast, convenient and affordable credit to strengthen delivery of agricultural credit and increase outreach to more small farmers and fishers
  • Kapital Access for Young Agripreneurs (KAYA)
  • Agri-Negosyo Loan Program (ANYO)A program