WW1

• M.A.N.I.A. is the acronym for the causes of World War 1
• Militarism is the desire of a nation to maintain a strong military.
• Wooden ships were replaced by iron-strong battleships during the First World War. For example, the H.M.S. (His Majesty's Ship) Dreadnought of Great Britain.
• Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
• Triple Entente consisted of Great Britain, Russia, France
• Wilhelm II was the Kaiser of Germany, George V was the king of Great Britain, and Nicholas II was the Czar of Russia
• Nationalism is defined as deep devotion to one's nation.
• Because of the countrymen's great devotion to their country and their leader, people blindly followed the orders of their leader and joined unnecessary wars
• Money is the first and most imperative necessity in war
• For a nation to gain power, one must be rich enough, and to be rich means to own many properties and acquire a lot of resources.
• Because Great Britain and France kept expanding their empires, it built tension within other European countries
• On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his pregnant wife Sophie were assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a 19-year-old member of the Bosnian nationalist group, Black Hand.
• The Black Hand was an organization that aimed to unite all Slavic peoples under Serbian rule.
• Austria-Hungry declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914.
• Russia mobilized its army against Austria-Hungry because Russia had close ties with Serbia.
• Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary, Germany declared war on Russia and France, and Great Britain declared war on Austria-Hungary and Germany
• The Schlieffen Plan is a German plan that fought war into two fronts
• The Schlieffen Plan is offensive towards France on the West, and defensive to Russia on the East
• In the Schlieffen Plan, Germain aims to conquer Belgium, conquer France, and use the German and French army to attack Russia
• On September 1914, Germany successfully entered France
• French army was delivered by Paris Taxi Cabs
• the French and German army faced each other in the Battle of Marne
• Both German and French dug long trenches, this warfare was called the "Trench Wars"
• In the Battle of Tannenberg, Russia lost against Germany since they were undersupplied and under gunned
• Russia blamed the crown for their losses against Germany as well as their loss in the Russo-Japanese war in 1905
• In March 1917, Czar Nicholas II of the Romanov family was forced to abdicate his throne
• In October 1917, Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks took charge and established the Union of Soviet Socialists Republic.
• In March 1918, Soviets and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, ending the war in the East
• The Monroe Doctrine stated that European powers were no longer allowed to interfere with U.S. affairs, and vice versa
• The German U-boat torpedoed Lusitania, thought to be a British Battleship that killed 1,200 passengers and killed 128 Americans. This triggered the Americans to participate in the war.
• Woodrow Wilson declared war against the Triple Alliance.
• WW1 ended at 11 am on 11th November 1918.
• In 1919, winning leaders met up to discuss agreement with losing countries
• The signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919, formally ended WW1.
• Results of the Treaty of Versailles include the break up of Germany, Austria, Russia, and Ottoman Empire
• Germany lost land and had to pay reparations (money) to other countries as a result of the Treaty of Versailles
• Treaty of Versailles made Germany responsible for starting the war
• League of Nations was formed as an international organisation to prevent future wars
• League of Nations was set up to prevent future wars
• Russia became communist under Lenin's leadership