Save
Bio Exam
Central dogma
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Learn
Created by
Fatimaxx
Visit profile
Cards (17)
Protein synthesis
The process by which
cells
make
proteins
DNA
has the
genetic
information that codes for traits like eye color
Genes
Portions of
DNA
that can code for
proteins
Protein synthesis
1.
Transcription
2.
Translation
Transcription
The process of
transcribing DNA
into
mRNA
mRNA
Messenger
RNA, a single-stranded molecule that carries the genetic information from the nucleus to the
ribosome
RNA
polymerase
An enzyme that connects
complementary
RNA bases to the DNA during
transcription
Translation
The process of using the
mRNA
to direct the
synthesis
of a protein
Ribosome
The cellular structure where
protein synthesis
occurs, made of
rRNA
tRNA
Transfer RNA, carries amino acids to the
ribosome
during
translation
Codon
A sequence of three nucleotides on the
mRNA
that codes for a specific
amino acid
Anticodon
The complementary sequence of three nucleotides on the tRNA that pairs with the
codon
on the mRNA
Amino acid
The
building blocks
of
proteins
Peptide bond
The chemical bond that holds
amino acids
together in a
protein
Start
codon
The
mRNA codon
(AUG) that indicates the
beginning
of protein synthesis
Stop
codon
An mRNA
codon
that does not code for an amino acid but signals the end of
protein synthesis
Protein
folding
and modification may occur after
translation
