Biomolecules
Cards (36)
- Monosaccharides - Building block of Carbohydrates
- Elements present in Carbohydrates - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
- Monosaccharides - simplest carbohydrates
- Glucose - sugar found in blood
- Fructose - fruit sugar and honey
- Disaccharides - made of two monosaccharides bonded together
- Sucrose - table sugar
- Lactose - milk sugar
- Maltose - found in grains
- Polysaccharides - made of long chain of monosaccharides
- Cellulose - structural material of plant cell walls
- Chitin - structural material of insect exoskeletons
- Glycogen - animal starch, stored in liver and muscles
- Starch - found in root crops and rice
- Function of Carbohydrates - Energy source and structural function
- Fatty acids - Building blocks of Lipids; long hydrophobic or water insoluble hydrocarbon chain
- Saturated fatty acids - no double bonds in carbon chain
- Unsaturated fatty acids - with one or more double bonds in carbon chain
- Elements present in Lipids - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
- Triglycerides - made of 3 fatty acids and glycerol molecule
- Waxes - hydrophobic lipids used in water-proofing surfaces
- Steroids - group of lipids whose carbon skeletons contain three hexagonal carbon rings and one pentagonal carbon ring. Ex. estrogen, progesterone, cholesterol
- Phospholipids - components of cell membranes
- Amino Acids - Building blocks of Proteins
- Essential amino acids - obtained by humans from foods
- Non-essential amino acids - can be produced by human cells
- Elements present in Proteins - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
- Primary Structure - chain of amino acids
- Secondary Structure - with 2-dimensional structure (helices of sheets)
- Tertiary Structure - combination of many secondary structure proteins
- Quaternary structure - fully functional proteins
- Nucleotides - Building blocks of Nucleic Acids
- Elements present in Nucleic Acids - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
- DNA - double stranded chain of nucleotides
- RNA - single stranded chain of nucleotides
- Isomers - compounds with same chemical formula but different in structure